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季風吹來的新宗教:探究亞歷山大.得路傳教士對越南的影響

The Monsoon brings a New Religion: Research into the influence of the missionary, Alexandre de Rhodes, in Vietnam

摘要


據越南史料的記載,從16 世紀初天主教已開始傳入越南,但傳教事業沒有很多的成果。直到17 世紀初,羅馬教廷的耶穌會傳教士們進入越南傳教,才開始有所發展。這些耶穌會會士在越南的傳教活動中,亞歷山大.得路被視為最優秀的傳教士。得路原為一個貴族世家的二公子,18 歲成為耶穌會會士,並抱著夢想到遠東傳教。1624 年得路首次進入廣南,到1645 年最後一次從廣南離開,在20 多年內,他數次出入越南(安南與廣南),於此地居住前後將近8 年,他對越南的教會發展以及越南近代歷史發展扮演很重要的角色。在安南居住的3 年中,他為6700多人施洗,並在離開之前成立越南本土傳教團,讓越南人直接參與傳教工作。1640 年至1645 年,得路又以商務代表人的身分多次來回廣南傳教,1645 年他被廣南阮住下令永遠驅逐之前,他也成立了廣南的本土傳教團並親眼見證越南人為天主殉教。離開越南之後,他回羅馬請求教廷為越南傳教區成立宗座代牧並須派遣主教到越南,此外,他還在羅馬出版有關越南的歷史、語文等書籍。由於他的書中首次使用羅馬字書寫越南的語言,因此日後的越南語言研究學者,大多數稱他為越南文羅馬化之父。得路對越南所有的努力應該出於要讓越南人更容易接受天主教,或換言之,他要將天主教本土化來適應越南的文化。

並列摘要


According to Vietnam’s historical records, Catholicism came to Vietnam in the early 16th century but did not achieve much success. Only in the early 17th century when Jesuit missionaries entered Vietnam did it become more popular. Among those Jesuits missionaries, Alexandre de Rhodes is the most outstanding. Born into a noble family, at 18 years old he joined the Society of Jesus with hopes to evangelize in the Far East. He arrived in Vietnam in 1624, and left for the last time in 1645. In total, he lived there nearly 8 years and played an important role in the development of the Church in Vietnam as well as in modern Vietnamese history. During nearly three years in the North, he baptized more than 6,700 people, and, before leaving, he founded the first congregation in order to let the Vietnamese directly evangelize other Vietnamese. From 1640 to 1645, he repeatedly returned to the south for missionaries in the name of the trade representative of Portugal. In 1645, before leaving the south, deported by the then-Lord, surnamed Nguyen, he also established a local congregation and witnessed the first Vietnamese as a martyr. After leaving Vietnam for Rome, he requested the Pope to fund Catholic missions and sent apostolic vicars to Vietnam. In addition, he published books related to the history and language of Vietnam. Because he was the first one to use the Latin alphabet to write the language of Vietnam in his books, Vietnamese scholars have considered him as the father of Vietnam’s romanised script.

並列關鍵字

Vietnam Alexandre de Rhodes Jesuit missionary Catholicism

參考文獻


方豪(2007)。中國天主教史人物傳。北京:宗教文化出版社。
呂正編譯、吳彩瓊編譯(1997)。越南神話民間故事選。河內:世界出版社。
李志剛(1985)。基督教早期在華傳教史。台北:台灣商務印書館。
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莫菲特(2012)。亞洲基督教史卷二:1500-1900。香港:基督教文藝出版社。

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Thai, D. H. (2014). Construction Business Strategy Mobile Service Vinaphone of VNPT Ha Giang Stage 2014-2017 [master's thesis, I-SHOU University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6343/ISU.2014.00388
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