Preceptor-Guided Clinical Practica and the Learning Experiences of Nursing Students

護理學生臨床選習之學習經驗

姜如珊(Ru-Shang Jiang) ； 周傳姜(Chuan-Chiang Chou) ； 蔡碧藍(Pi-Lan Tsai)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 20卷2期 (2012/06) Pp. 152-157

https://doi.org/10.1097/JNR.0b013e318256091d

摘要

背景 據統計，在台灣將近三分之一的護理應屆畢業生，第一份護理工作做不滿三個月，而且可能此後也不會再從事護理工作。由於傳統的臨床實習設計無法提供學生足夠的獨立工作機會，有相當多的護理科系高年級學生，雖然已完成各科實習，卻對自己的技術缺乏信心，對每日護理工作的實際運作也不熟悉。為了改善這樣的狀況，因而產生了護理臨床選習的設計。目的 本研究目的在探討護理學生之臨床選習實習經驗。方法 以現象方法學，探究十三位廿歲女性護生的臨床選習經驗，所有的訪談錄音後轉為文字記錄，並以Colaizzi現象方法學分析。結果 得到以下四個主題：（1）過多的資訊與新經驗同時出現、（2）經歷孤單和緊張的生活、（3）嚴師出高徒？（4）開始覺得像一位護理師了。結論／實務應用 護理教育者有責任提供清楚的護生臨床選習輔導指引，並須對護生及臨床輔導員的角色做清楚的描述與介紹，並在整個實習過程中給予雙方充分地支持與鼓勵。

關鍵字

高年級護生 ； 臨床選習 ； 實習經驗

並列摘要

Background: In Taiwan, nearly one third of newly graduated nurses quit their first nursing job within 3 months and many never return to nursing. Because traditional clinical practice designs do not offer adequate opportunities for students to work independently, many senior nursing students lack selfconfidence in their nursing skills and are not familiar with the day-to-day realities of nursing even after completing all their required clinical practica. A model for a preceptor-guided clinical practicum was designed to address this concern.Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the learning experiences of senior nursing students who worked with preceptors during their clinical practica. Methods: Thirteen female nursing students were interviewed to discover their perceptions of their preceptor-guided clinical practicum. All interviews were tape recorded and transcribed. Descriptions were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological methodology. Results: Four themes emerged from the data that described the preceptorship experience in the clinical practicum: (1) information and new experience overload, (2) feelings of loneliness and stress, (3) questioning whether strict preceptors achieve the best results, and (4) beginning to feel like a nurse.Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Findings suggest that it is important for nurse educators to be clear and precise about the expectations of the preceptorship experience. Orientation for both preceptors and students is essential. Support and encouragement throughout the entire practicum experience for preceptors and students is necessary to ensure program success.

並列關鍵字

senior nursing student ； preceptorship ； clinical practice experience

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