Dietary Patterns in Relation to Weight Status among School Children in Taiwan

比較臺灣地區正常與過重學童的飲食型態

吳德敏(Der-Min Wu) ； 祝年豐(Nain-Feng Chu) ； 柯景塘(Jiing-Tang Ko) ； 賴貞如(Jen-Ru Lai)

《北市醫學雜誌》 4卷2期 (2007/02) Pp. 147-159

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2007.4.2.07

摘要

目的：探討臺灣地區正常與過重學童的飲食型態和習慣（如正餐、一般食物及高糖或高脂類食物的攝取頻率和特殊的飲食習慣）與體重之關係。方法：本研究共收集802位學童，藉由飲食頻率問卷評估其正餐、一般食物種類的攝取頻率。本問卷之飲食頻率由「從不攝取」至「每天攝取一次」等五個層次。結果：正餐的攝取頻率在正常與過重學童間有統計上的差異。在早餐部分，約15.5%的過重男童和9.2%的過重女童很少吃早餐，而只有4.3%正常體重男童和4.5%正常體重女童很少吃早餐。在宵夜部份，於過重學童中，58.6%的男童和64.6%的女童很少吃宵夜，而正常體重學童中，卻有39.3%的男童和54.7%的女童有吃宵夜的習慣。然而正常體重和體重過重的男女學童，在一般食物種類的攝取頻率、高糖高脂食物的攝取量和特殊的飲食習慣，都沒有統計上的差異。經多變項分析後，過重學童不吃早餐的頻率較正常體重學童為多；過重女學童很少吃宵夜的頻率比正常體重學童為多。結論：體重過重的男童不吃早餐及很少吃宵夜的頻率較體重正常者為多。一般食物總類（如蛋、奶類、紅肉、蔬菜和水果）、高糖或高脂類食物（如高鹽食物、蜜餞、高油食物，點心及含糖飲料）的攝取和特殊的飲食習慣（如肉類的烹調方式、以菜湯拌飯及喝茶和咖啡）在體重正常或過重的學童間並無顯著差異。

關鍵字

攝取早餐 ； 攝取宵夜 ； 飲食型態 ； 飲食習慣 ； 過重學童

並列摘要

Background and Purpose: To evaluate the dietary patterns and habits, such as frequency of meal intake, consumption of general food items, as well as high-fat high-sugar foods, and special eating habits, in relation to weight status among normal-weight and overweight children in Taiwan. Methods: We collected information on a sample of 802 school children to evaluate their food habits using a structured food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) including 16 items to ascertain how often general food items, high-fat high-sugar foods, and daily meals were consumed. To complete the FFQ, the espondent marked one of five possible frequency categories for each item, ranging from never to once every day. Results: The frequency of meal intake was statistically different between normal-weight and overweight children in both genders. For breakfast intake, about 15.5% overweight boys and 9.2% overweight girls rarely ate; while it was 4.3% normal-weight boys and 4.5% normal-weight girls rarely ate. Meanwhile, among overweight children, 58.6% boys and 64.6% girls rarely ate night snack; and the same habit was found about 39.3% and 54.7% for normal-weight boys and girls. More interestingly, the trend of eating breakfast and taking night snack was significantly different between overweight and normal-weight children in boys. However, the frequencies of general food intake, consumption of high-fat high-sugar foods, and special eating habits were no statistically difference between normal-weight and overweight children in both genders. After multiple variables analyses, the frequency of not daily breakfast consumed in both genders and the frequency of rarely night snack consumed in girls were higher in overweight children compared with that in normal-weight children. Conclusion: Overweight children skipped breakfast and did not take night snack boys only more frequently than the normal-weight children. There was no significant difference in consumption of general food items (such as egg, milk, red meat, vegetables, and fruits), high-fat high-sugar foods (such as salty food, preserved fruits, oily foods, desserts, and beverages) as well as special eating habits (such as meat cooking styles, rice with sauce, consume coffee and tea) between normal-weight and overweight Taiwanese children.

並列關鍵字

breakfast intake ； night snack intake ； dietary pattern ； dietary habit ； overweight children