The Relationship between Coaching Leadership and Athletes' Emotional Level of Competition among Collegiate Racket-gripped Sports Teams

大專院校持拍球類運動代表隊教練領導行為與隊員比賽情緒水準關係之研究

李忠穎(Jong-Yiing Li)

《弘光人文社會學報》 7期 (2007/11) Pp. 207-250

https://doi.org/10.29933/SHSS.200711.0009

摘要

本研究在探討台灣大專院校持拍球類運動項目桌球、羽球與網球隊教練及球員所認知的有關倡導、關懷、說服、調停與整合五方面之教練領導行為。此外，也了解一些人口統計學上的變項與運動員認知的領導行為間之關聯性，並了解教練的領導行為如何地影響球員之比賽情緒水準。本研究共有833份抽樣問卷寄出，包含教練119份與球員714份。在問卷回收的期限內，總共回收有效問卷，球員352（49.3 %）份，教練87 （73.1 %）份。本研究使用人口統計學資料問卷、領導行為描述問卷第十二版，以及情緒概況指引問卷等，以取得資料。資料之統計分析乃利用描述統計、獨立樣本t考驗、相依樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、雪菲事後多重比較、皮爾森積差相關，以及逐步多元迴歸等方法進行分析。本研究主要的結果與結論為：（1）教練一般自認為表現得還不錯，然而隊員似乎不那麼滿意教練的領導行為。（2）羽球球員所認知的教練的整體領導行為明顯比桌球與網球球員還要好;他們對於教練的倡導、關懷、說服、調停與整合等各方面之行為顯得比桌球與網球球員還滿意。（3）教練在該球隊之年資是分別在預測各單項領導行為時，最具有預測效力的之預測因子。（4）五種領導行為（倡導、關懷、說服、調停與整合）對於教練之整體領導行為都具有很高的預測效力。（5）整合領導行為對教練之整體領導行為具有最高的預測效力，對於領導行為之表現最具貢獻潛力，宜予以重視。（6）曾獲全國性比賽前三名之球員比較會思考與注意即將來臨的比賽，以及做好身體應戰的準備。

關鍵字

運動員 ； 教練 ； 領導行為 ； 情緒

並列摘要

This study of leadership behavior (LB) among sports coaches of table tennis, badminton and tennis in Taiwan was undertaken to probe the actual LB in terms of initiating structure, consideration, persuasiveness, reconciliation, and integration as perceived by collegiate coaches and their team members in Taiwan. Also, the study was to investigate the relationship of team members' perceived leadership behavior with selected demographic factors, and to realize how the coaches' LB affects the level of emotion of their athletes.A total of 833 potential respondent surveys (119 for coaches and 714 for team members) were sent. Within the allowed time, a total of 352 (49.3 %) useful athletes and 87 (73.1 %) coaches surveys were returned. Data were collected through the use of a self-designed demographic information questionnaire, the revised Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ), Form XII, and the revised Emotions Profile Index. The descriptive statistics, independent t-test, dependent t-test, one-way analyses of variances, Scheffe's multiple comparisons, Pearson product-moment correlation, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Primary findings and conclusions of the study were (1) Coaches perceived that they often did good jobs in their LB. However, team members didn't seem to be so satisfied with coaches' performance in LB. (2) Badminton athletes regarded that their coaches' overall LB was significantly performed more often than table tennis and tennis athletes did. Badminton athletes seemed that they were more satisfied with their coaches behaviors in consideration, initiating structure, reconciliation, persuasiveness, and integration. (3) ”years of being a coach” is always the most effective predictor to predicting each dimension of LB when added to an equation containing the other predictors. (4) The five subsets of the LBDQ were all effective in predicting coaches' overall LB. (5) Integration was the most effective predictor. So, if coaches maintain a closely knit organization or resolve inter-member conflicts effectively, integration will be a primary factor that contributes to the most improvements of the level of coaches' actual overall leadership behavior as perceived by athletes. Integration will have a great deal of contributions to the leadership behavior and should be most emphasized. (6)Athletes who had the 1st ~3rd place of national award (level 1) were doing much more thinking about and focusing attention on the coming competition and getting physically ready for the competition.

並列關鍵字

Athlete ； coach ； leadership behavior ； emotion