社會資本會降低離島居民的壓力嗎？－休閒參與的調節作用

Will Social Capital Reduce The Kinmen Residents' Pressure?: Leisure Participation as A Buffer

杜佩蘭(Pey-Lan Du)

《運動休閒管理學報》 14卷3期 (2017/09) Pp. 23-46

https://doi.org/10.6214/JSRM.1403.002

摘要

近幾年來，政府及研究者對社會資本的領域相當重視，尤其是專精於心理、文化和休閒的研究者。但社會資本、休閒及壓力間的關係仍需要嚴謹的概念和實證的分析，因此，本研究目的為探究金門居民其所擁有的社會資本對壓力的影響，以及居民們休閒參與的程度在社會資本及壓力間的調節效果。以金門縣居民有效問卷452份，採信度分析、驗證性因素分析及廻歸分析等來檢測量表及驗證假設。研究結果為（1）社會資本（安全信任與朋友連結）對壓力有顯著的負向效果；（2）休閒參與（運動活動）在社會資本（安全信任、生命價值）與壓力間具調節效果；（3）休閒參與（室內活動）在社會資本（社會主動、生命價值）與壓力間扮演著調節效果的角色。本研究認為金門居民的休閒參與大多投入於看電視、電腦及上網，主政當局應可政策上的鼓勵及獎勵居民從事其他的休閒活動，對金門民眾的身心健康當可更具有正面影響。最後研究者依據研究發現提出管理實務及學術研究方面建議。

關鍵字

藝文活動 ； 運動活動 ； 戶外活動 ； 室內活動 ； 金門

並列摘要

In recent years, social capital has attracted a great deal of attention from both government agencies and scholars, especially for researchers who are specialized in the field of psychology, culture and leisure, but the interaction between them still remain unclear, it relies heavily on rigorous concepts and data analysis. Therefore, the goal of this study is to figure out how social capital affects pressure in the Kinmen region, and the level of adjustable rate after the participation in leisure activities. The data were collected from residents of Kinmen County and total 452 residents completed valid questionnaires. Cronbach's α, confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis were employed to examine hypotheses. Results: (1) Social capital (trust and safety; friends connections) had significant negative effect on stress; (2) leisure participation (sport events) had a moderating on the relationship between social capital (trust and safety; value of life) and stress and (3) leisure participation (indoor activities) had a moderating effect on the relationship between social capital (social proactivity; value of life) and stress. Our study revealed that residents in Kinmen spent most of their leisure hours on watching television, using computer and browsing the Internet. It will create more positive impacts on both physically and mentally conditions, if only the administration authority could make new policies and benefits to encourage their people to enjoy other fun activities. In the final part of this study, we offer our advice on actual management practice and academic discussion.

並列關鍵字

Social Capital ； Leisure Participation ； Stress ； Kinmen

參考文獻

行政院主計處（ 1998 ） 。社會發展趨勢調查。取自https://srda.sinica.edu.tw/gov/group/21

沈進成、曾慈慧、吳雅筠(2008)。休閒對壓力是種壓抑或者緩衝效果？壓力壓抑與緩衝模式之比較。戶外遊憩研究。21(4)，59-92。

侯堂盛、楊孟華(2014)。體育教師休閒活動參與行為、工作生活品質與工作壓力之研究－以雲、嘉地區體育教師為例。運動休閒管理學報。11(4)，1-21。

柳立偉、徐志輝(2016)。銀髮族投入休閒活動對健康促進生活型態之影響。嘉大體育健康休閒期刊。15(1)，78-91。

許義忠、余緒德(2005)。休閒、壓力與調適研究：以中華航空女性空服員爲例。戶外遊憩研究。18(2)，1-24。