臺灣平埔原住民身分認定的法律問題

The Legal Issues of Identity of the Ping-Pu Aboriginal Tribe in Taiwan

陳俊安 ； 以撒克．阿復

《台灣國際法季刊》 8卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 39-71

https://doi.org/10.29799/TILQ.201103.0002

摘要

近年來國際人權法對原住民權利之發展突飛猛進。因此，原住民族被歧視的問題已有所改善，以身為原住民族為榮的自覺逐日成長，現在的問題不僅是原住民的權利問題，還包括原住民族身分認定的法律問題。關於原住民所指為何？現今最常被直接或間接適用的定義是由但事實上國際法迄今仍未有公認的定義。但無論如何，對原住民的定義尚未形成共識，這當然會影響到原住民身分認定的法律問題。由於臺灣平埔族的原住民族身分一直未被政府承認，因此「臺灣平埔權益促進會」於2011年7月14日發函給聯合國大會所轄人權理事會（Human Rights Council）」聘任的原住民族基本人權特別調查報告員James Anaya，控訴總統馬英九、行政院長吳敦義以及原住民族委員會前後任主委章仁香與孫大川，因為彼等未能積極處理其被剝奪的原住民族身分，而Anaya 已經正式簽名回函表示受理，但目前結果尚未知曉。事實上，五十幾年前臺灣省政府發佈的一份公文，即已提及有關平地山胞身分認定的相關規定。究竟當年是否存在所謂平埔族（熟番）之認同措施，以及當時的平地山胞登記的過程如何？同時，政府幾十年來平地山胞或者是之後的原住民身分相關的法規如何，以及中央主管單位對此如何函示？都是值得探討的問題。

關鍵字

國際人權法 ； 平埔族 ； 希拉雅族 ； 原住民權利 ； 人權理事會 ； 身分認定

並列摘要

Recently, the development of the indigenous rights within the protection of international human rights rapidly grows. Therefore, the problem of discrimination against indigenous people has largely solved and the self-identification as the indigenous ethnics increases. Yet, another legal problem generated aside from discrimination is the recognition of the indigenous status. But, what exactly the indigenous people refers to? The definition that are most commonly used directly and indirectly is a definition that lacks the consensus with regards to international law. Therefore, the lack of definition indeed causes several problems concerning the identification of indigenous status.Since the indigenous status of the Pingpu ethnic has yet being recognized by Taiwanese government. Hence, the Promote the Indigenous Rights of Pinpu has filed complaint to the UN Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, James Anaya of the UN Human Rights Council against the President Ma Ying-jeou, the Prime Minister Wu Den-yih, and the former and current Ministers of the Council of the Indigenous Peoples, Chang Jen-shiang and Sun Ta-chuan due to their omissions to deal with the recognition of indigenous peoples that are previously deprived. The complain submitted has been accepted and the decision is pending.In fact, in an official document issued by the Taiwan Provincial Government issued 50 years ago, the regulation concerning the status of ground tribe had been prescribed. Whether there was a recognition mechanism for Pingpu peoples? What was the process thereof? At the meantime, What were the subsequent regulations regarding the recognition of Pingpu or indigenous peoples in force nowadays? Those questions deserve our close attention.

並列關鍵字

International Human Rights Law ； the Pingpu Peoples ； the Siraya Peoples ； Indigenous Rights ； Human Rights Council ； Recognition of Indigenous Status

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