運用行為治療於輕度智能障礙學齡前兒童之如廁訓練的護理經驗

Applying Behavior Therapy to A Mild Mental-Retard Preschool Child for Toilet Training: A Nursing Experience

賴巧(Chiao Lai) ； 江青桂(Ching-Kuei Chiang) ； 薛素霞(Su-Hsia Hsueh)

《精神衛生護理雜誌》 7卷1期 (2012/10) Pp. 49-58

https://doi.org/10.6847/TJPMHN.201210_7(1).0006

摘要

本文描述一位5歲半、輕度智能障礙兒童如廁訓練的護理經驗，照護時間固定於每星期三下午，共兩個階段的治療，第一階段為99.04.08∼99.05.26，之後因個案罹患腸病毒以及家長為適應新工作而請假，中斷治療2個月如廁問題隨即再出現，個案於99.08.12∼99.09.29再度返回醫院完成第二階段的如廁訓練。此個案在認知和社會適應方面，明顯不及同齡兒童之發展，有學習、溝通、大小便便溺及拒學等問題，因而無法順利適應幼稚園生活。因此，筆者運用行為治療實驗介入，成功訓練個案自行如廁的能力，進而提高其參與幼稚園生活的意願。

關鍵字

行為治療 ； 學齡前兒童 ； 如廁訓練

並列摘要

In this article we explored a toilet training process for a 5.5 years old, mild mental-retard child. The toilet training program was set on Wednesday afternoon in a hospital and was divided in two sections. The first section was performed from April 8, 2010 to May 26, 2010 and ended for the reason of the enterovirus infection and the child's parents need to prepare themselves for the new job. Two months later, the child experienced the same toilet-using difficulty problem. Thus, the second section was performed from August 12, 2010 to September 29, 2010 in the same hospital. The child had cognitive and social skill problems. She was obviously of insufficient development and had learning, communication, toilet-using habit, and school-refusal problems. It's afraid that the child hardly can adapt her school life in the kindergarten. Therefore, we applied behavior therapy and toilet training to help her use toilet alone. It turned out that the training program of copping with the difficulty in toilet using successfully improved her school life in the kindergarten.

並列關鍵字

Behavior therapy ； Preschool child ； Toilet training.