應用蜜蜂授粉於辣椒採種之研究

A Study on Bee Pollination in the Seed Production of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum)

郭宏遠(Horng-Yeuan Kuo) ； 宋妤(Yu Sung) ； 廖文偉(Man-Wai Liu) ； 楊佐琦(Tso-Chi Yang) ； 黃維東(Wei-Dong Hwang)

《臺灣園藝》 58卷2期 (2012/06) Pp. 147-165

https://doi.org/10.6964/JTSHS.201206.0147

摘要

本研究以網室內栽培之辣椒雄不稔品系為材料，探討父母本種植模式及蜜蜂授粉方式對授粉後果實發育及種子產量之影響，期應用蜜蜂授粉於辣椒採種上。在所有參試品系中雄不稔品系C的花朵較大，花蜜分泌量及吸引蜜蜂訪花頻率也較大，為適合蜜蜂授粉採種之品系。在密閉網室內利用蜜蜂授粉以省工採種時，父母本於同一畦內以株數1:1交錯定植，可得較高之採種量。利用蜜蜂攜粉授粉時，用新鮮或液態氮保存之父本花粉皆能成功授粉著果及結籽，但種子產量仍少於以人工授粉者。

關鍵字

訪花頻度 ； 人工授粉 ； 雄不稔系 ； 花蜜分泌 ； 父母本比例

並列摘要

The effects of planting pattern of parental lines and the pollination mode of honey bees on the fruit development and seed yield of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in the net-house were studied in order to understand the potential of using bee pollination in seed production. We found that cytoplasmic male sterile line C was suitable for honey bee pollination in seed production due to its larger flowers, more nectar secretion, and higher honey bee foraging frequency compared to other lines tested. When relying on honey bees to do pollination in the closed net-house, the male and female parents grown in 1:1 ratio within the same row could obtain more seed production. Both fresh pollens and liquid nitrogen preserved pollens could be used for honey bees to carry them for pollination and make successful fruit-sets and seed production, but using bee pollination this way yielded less seeds than using hand-pollination.

並列關鍵字

flower foraging frequency ； hand pollination ； male sterile line ； nectar secretion ； parental lines ratio