體系性宗教詮釋學之類型學基本構思：從宗教哲學定／意義之詮釋學轉向談起

The Basic Conception of Typology of Systemic Hermeneutics of Religion: Beginning from hermeneutic Turn of the Definition and Meaning of Philosophy of Religion

陸敬忠(Jing-Jong Luh)

《漢語基督教學術論評》 30期 (2020/12) Pp. 145-167

摘要

在簡述宗教定義問題並且檢視存有論／形上學式的，認識論／主體論式的以及宗教（科）學／現象學式的宗教哲學理論性立場，歷史性進程後，尤其是從其與其他相關學科之關係亦即神學以及宗教（科）學之關係脈絡出發探討其可行的運作定／意義，進而系統性地歷史性以及詮釋性地精要檢討現行各種宗教（哲）學立場，類型與進路之問題來指出其詮釋學轉向之理論需求性，進行系統性類型分類成傳統形上學，宗教批判，浪漫派宗教學，宗教史學，比較宗教學，社會科學宗教學，分析及語言哲學宗教研究，宗教現象學以及宗教詮釋學等，進而呈現出體系性詮釋學式的宗教哲學詮釋學轉向之必要性，最後開放性結論中揭示一種從西方傳統哲學心物二元論之形上學轉向語言之為物質與精神向度底媒介與中介之詮釋學性語言哲學作為統整以上各種宗教哲學體系性宗教類型學。

關鍵字

宗教哲學 ； 宗教類型學 ； 詮釋學轉向 ； 宗教詮釋學 ； 體系性

並列摘要

After briefly describing the issue of definition of religion and examining the theoretical positions of philosophy of religion in different dimensions of ontology/metaphysics, epistemology/subjectivity-theory, and religious sciences/phenomenology, and eventually the historical process of philosophy of religion, this article starts especially from the fundamental relationship between it and other related disciplines, that is, the relationship between philosophy of religion, theology and religious sciences, and explores its feasible operational definitions/meanings. Then it discusses systematically, historically and hermeneutically the current various positions, types and approaches of philosophy of religion, in order to point out their problems and the theoretical demand for hermeneutic turn. It will be classified typologically into the traditional metaphysics, Criticism of religion, romanticism, historicism, comparative study of religions, social science study of religion, analytical and linguistic philosophy of religion, phenomenology of religion and hermeneutics of religion, etc., and finally the necessity of the systemic hermeneutic of religion will be presented. In the end, the open conclusion reveals a kind of transformation from the metaphysical dualism of Western traditional philosophy to the systemic-hermeneutic philosophy of language as the medium and intermediary between the dimension of spirit and material, which can integrate as the various types of philosophy of religion into a systemic typology of religious studies.

並列關鍵字

philosophy of religion ； typology of religious studies ； hermeneutic turn ； hermeneutics of religion ； systemics

參考文獻

Alston, W. P. Divine Nature and Human Language: Essays in Philosophical Theology. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1989.

Ayers, R. H., and W. T. Blackstone, eds. Religious Language and Knowledge. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1972.

Bergunder, Michael. “Was ist Religion? Kulturwissenschaftliche Überlegungen zum Gegenstand der Religionswissenschaft.” Zeitschrift für Religionswissenschaft 19, no. 1/2 (2011): 3-55.

Bernhardt, Reinhold. Ende des Dialogs? Die Begegnung der Religionen und ihre theologische Reflexion. Zürich: Theologischer Verlag, 2006.

Dalferth, Ingolf. U., and Philipp Stoellger. Hermeneutik der Religion. Tübingen: Mohr, 2007.