臺灣地區護理之家經營效率分析

Analysis for Efficiency of Nursing Home in Taiwan

張淑卿(Shu-Ching Chang) ； 吳肖琪(Shiao-Chi Wu)

《長庚科技學刊》 14期 (2011/06) Pp. 33-45

https://doi.org/10.6192/CGUST.2011.6.14.4

摘要

臺灣護理之家成長快速，經營效率十分重要卻未被探討。資料包絡法(data envelopment analssis, DEA)在過去常被用於分析醫院的經營效率，近年來歐美國家也開始運用於長期照護機構經營效率分析。本研究運用DEA分析台灣地區護理之家機構經營效率現況，並比較獨立型與醫院附設護理之家經營效率之差異。研究以2002年「臺閩地區失能老人機構照護供需資源分布狀況研究」之221家護理之家（回收率100%）中至2002年8月立案滿一年之機構共182家，醫院附設護理之家有97家(53.3%)，獨立型態護理之家有85家(46.7%)。效率分析發現相對有效率機構有82家(45.05%)；醫院附設護理之家機構43家高於獨立型態護理之家39家，但在比率分佈上獨立型護理之家(45.88%)略高於醫院型態(44.33%)。相對無效率機構其效率分數多集中在0.80~0.89。影響效率因素分析兩種不同類型機構在效率分數表現上並無統計上顯著差異；其他有統計顯著差異的主要影響因素有：佔床率高、全職護理人力等於或低於法定人力、無聘用外籍照顧服務員等。期透過本研究瞭解不同型態護理之家經營效率供相關單位參考。

關鍵字

護理之家 ； 經營 ； 效率

並列摘要

The number of nursing homes in Taiwan has grown rapidly in recent years. As more and more elderly people are cared for in nursing homes, the management efficiency of these institutions comes under greater scrutiny. Some Western countries have used the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to study the management efficiency of long-term care institutes. In this study, we also use DEA to ascertain the efficiency of nursing homes in Taiwan. We then compare the management efficiency of non-hospital-affiliated nursing homes to that of hospital-affiliated nursing homes. Based on data from a 2002 survey of long-term care institutions in Taiwan, a total of 221 nursing homes were surveyed, with a response rate of 100%. A total of 182 institutions that had been operating over a year were selected to be the study subjects. Among the 182 nursing homes, the number of non-hospital-affiliated nursing homes was 85 (46.7%), and the number of hospital-affiliated nursing homes was 97 (53.3%). A total of 82 nursing homes (45.05%) were found to be efficient. The number of efficient hospital-affiliated nursing homes was 43, and the number of efficient non-hospital-affiliated nursing homes was 39. We found that technical inefficiency scores ranged from 0.80 to 0.89. Based on the results of this study, nursing homes with high occupancy rates were found to be more efficient. Nursing homes with high nursing manpower were inefficient. Nursing homes that did not hire foreign aids had higher efficiency.

並列關鍵字

nursing home ； management ； efficiency