大學校院體育發展策略之評估－模糊德爾慧法之應用

目的：影響大學校院體育發展因素眾多，如何選擇適當策略與經營方向，符合學校體育行政組織最大經營效益實屬重要，是以，本文嘗試探討瞭解相關影響因素與策略，並藉以評估大學校院體育發展策略權重與優先順序。方法：選擇最佳經營管理方案係屬多準則決策問題，本研究以內容分析探討相關策略內容，再以統整模式透過開放系統之「投入→過程→產出」觀點建立發展策略架構與脈絡，並透過模糊德爾慧法，針對特定變數因子以二階段問卷調查徵詢12位領域專家意見，經量化分析及篩選程序評估關鍵性策略因子，作為學校體育發展策略選擇準則，藉此瞭解大學校院體育發展策略及其權重次序，並依此選出最佳發展策略。結果：經模糊德爾慧法取決大學校院體育發展重要策略，在投入上有體育經費、體育專業人力與運動場館設施環境3個變項，運作過程有組織結構、體育行政領導、組織承諾、組織文化與組織衝突管理5個變項，組織產出有工作績效、工作滿足、教學效能與服務品質4個變項，計有12個變項59項重要策略；其中以體育行政領導、工作滿足、工作績效、體育經費及組織衝突管理為權重值較高之重要策略變項；而體育經費之有效運用、合理編列及符合需求，運動場館設施環境之規劃良好、符合活動需要、有效運用與妥善管理，組織結構之講求專業素養，服務品質之著重行政效率、提升教學服務、積極維護設施與提高團隊服務為權重值較高之關鍵性發展策略。結論：大學校院之體育經營與從業人員應可檢視相關重要關鍵性變數與策略，據以列為優先發展方向，有效能地促進大學校院體育卓越發展。

關鍵字

模糊德爾慧法；學校體育發展策略；多準則決策；開放系統理論

並列摘要

Introduction: This paper aims to analyze the various influential dimensions and indicators on the development in Physical Education of School. The results of this study help the decision makers concerning the development in the Physical Education of School deciding the optimum ways of their management. Methods ： Choosing the best managing project can best be characterized by the multicriteria decisionmaking theory. This study probes into the relative influential dimensions and indicators of the development in Physical Education of School through content analysis.Then we try to construct a framework for developing indicators through an integrated model the point of view of an open system, i.e. inputprocessoutput. By means of the Fuzzy Delphi Method, we focused on some specific factors and interviewed twelve specialists in corresponding areas in a twophased questionnaire. We sort out the crucial factors by quantitative analysis and sift process. The conclusion of this paper provides reliable criteria of deciding the suitable ways in the development of physical education of school. We order the weighted priority of these crucial dimensions and indicators, providing the optimum managerial suggestion which the decision makers can easily consult to. Results: We sifted 12 dimensions and 59 indicators three aspects of the development in the Physical Education of School by means of the Fuzzy Delphi Method. From the perspective of the resources engaged in the physical education of school, three dimensions are sifted: the Budget, the human resource of the physical professionals, and the environment and the equipment of the Sports Facilities. As for the perspective of the process, the 5 crucial dimensions sifted are: the organizational structure, the leadership of the physical education administrators, the commitment made to the organization, the organizational culture, and the management of the conflict in the organization. From the perspective of the output of the organizational development, the 4 critical dimensions are: the performance of the faculty, the satisfaction and achievement in one’s work, the teaching efficiency, and the service quality. The top 5 mostly weighted dimensions on the development in the Physical Education of School are as follows: the leadership of the physical education administrators, the satisfaction and achievement in one’s work, the performance of the faculty, the Budget, and the management of the conflict in the organization. The top 10 mostly weighted indicators are concluded as follows: rationally budgeted quotas on the Physical Education, how the fund is spent, whether the human resource of the PE specialists is just essential to the institute, wellschemed sports facilities, whether the facility is essential to the players, whether the facility are welloperated and managed, an organizational structure that calls for speciality, whether the administration efficiency emphasizes on the quality of service, the efforts to upgrade the educational service, whether the facilities are wellmaintained, and the improvement of the service of the whole team. Conclusion: To effectively help make better progress in the physical education, the managerial staff and the personnel of an institute might as well take into account the key influential dimensions and indicators as suggested in this study.