中亞與外高加索地區民主發展的探討

The Discussion of Democracy in Central Asia and Transcaucasia

況正吉(Cheng-Chi Kuang)

《環球科技人文學刊》 21期 (2015/12) Pp. 13-36

摘要

中亞與外高加索國家進入二十一世紀之後，政治上都呈現出民主緩慢倒退的現象，不過外高加索民主評比的情況要比中亞國家好，其中喬治亞屬於「轉型政體」，與中亞國家有一段差距。2003年至2005年，「顏色革命」推翻了前蘇聯共和國中喬治亞與吉爾吉斯的威權體制，這同時也是他們歷史上首次的民主化革命。另外，近幾年由於網路與上網普及率迅速提升，使得中亞和外高加索國家的民眾有機會瞭解社會動態與公共事務，培養做為公民的現代責任感，但由於威權政治的遺留現象仍十分普遍，加上經濟不發達，政府嚴格監督與控管網際網路，使得公共性原則引導網路集體行動，在中亞五國與外高加索三國國家並未顯著形成。

關鍵字

威權體制 ； 顏色革命 ； 伊斯蘭復興運動 ； 網際網路

並列摘要

Entering the 21st century, countries of Central Asia and Transcaucasia show a sign of slow democracy recession politically; economically, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Georgia grow dramatically. In 2003-2005, color revolutions overthrew the Georgian and Kyrgyz post-Soviet authoritarian regimes, for the first time in its history, a wave of democratic revolutions. In addition, as the prevalence rate of the Internet and getting online swiftly increasing, people of Central Asia and Transcaucasia have a chance to understand the social movement and public affairs, which cultivate the responsibilities as modern citizens. However, due to the fact that the remaining phenomenon of authority politics are still popular, combined with the underdevelopment of the economic, the governments strictly supervise and control the Internet. As a result, the Internet collective activity guided by public principal is not prominently formed in five countries of Central Asia and three countries of Transcaucasia.

並列關鍵字

authoritarian regimes ； color revolution ； Islamic Revival Movement ； the Internet