"Essentialization": A Clue to Paul Tillich's Inclusivism

田立克的努力建立了一個既開展又內斂、既涵蓋又收合的精細模式。在其理論系統中，此種類比性模式隨處可見。這是他的場合神學之所以被視為「回應神學」並且被視為結合了護教、呼應與抗議原理的原因。他堅持神學必須與涵蓋當地情形的問題對話。但在此同時，由於抗議原理，他給予基督教既是標準又是絕對的地位。這種結合對他所謂的開展與涵蓋造成了真實與否的質疑。田立克神學的包容性究竟有多深遠？其對他者差異性有多麼尊重？對包容性的努力其目標為何？這是否是一種企圖說服他者進入他的系統理論的策略？抑或是企圖讓所有其他系統皈依來自其唯一且標準的答案？他的包容主義究竟是什麼？本文企圖探索上述所提到的各種疑問，這些與田力克包容主義模糊地帶有關的疑問都在其末世論的象徵，也就是在他所謂的「本質化」理論架構中可以得到答案。

關鍵字

末世論；神學方法；本質化與普世救恩；包容主義

並列摘要

Tillich's endeavor edits a refine pattern of openness and closeness, inclusion and recuperation which find several analogical formulations throughout his system. This is a result of his contextual theology perceived as an ”answering theology” and combining apologetic, correlations and the Protestant principle. He argues that theology must be in dialogue with the questions implied within the situation wherein it is carried out. But at the same time and in the name of the Protestant Principle gives a primary and normative place to Christianity. The combination results in a situation that questions the veracity of his openness and inclusiveness. How far inclusive is Tillich's theology and how much respect does his system give to difference and otherness? What is the aim of Tillich's inclusive endeavor? Is it a persuasive tactic or strategy to lure in adherents of these systemic thoughts and religions to the one and unique response?” What is Tillich's inclusivism then? This paper argues that the answers to these questions and other similar ambiguities found in Tillich's inclusivism are provided in the symbolism of his eschatology, his so-called ”essentialization.”

並列關鍵字

eschatology ； theological methods ； essentialization-universal restoration ； inclusivism

參考文獻

Andreopoulos, Andreas(2004).Eschatology and Final Restoration (Apokatastasis) in Origen, Gregory of Nyssa and Maximos the Confessor.Theandros Online Journal of Orthodox Christian Theology and Philosophy.1(3)