論曲牌

「曲牌」承載了我國千年的音樂資訊，其首要功績就在於我國大量的傳統曲調以「曲牌」這一形式被保留了下來，其蘊藏量確實是極其豐富多樣的。曲牌是中華文學藝術的結晶產物，它熔鑄了民族所特有的音樂邏輯思維，造就了獨特的框式結構曲體形式。曲牌因聲腔中腔、詞的對應，產生出的「倚聲填詞」創作方式，代表著最原始、最本質的民族語言與音樂的特點而存在。這種創作方式長期主宰了我國傳統聲腔的創作，也是形成曲牌這一形式的最主要原因。那麼，正如當今對待古代詩、詞、曲那樣，作為歷史上不同時代聲腔結構的定式，不僅是整個聲腔曲式體制鏈中的重要一環，同時也充分展現了它的古典美感。因此，通過中外音樂曲體的比較，研究曲牌體結構的得與失，對於今天民族音樂遺產的瞭解或創新，是有著相當積極意義的。

關鍵字

曲牌；標題性；程式性；可塑性；變異型；詞曲關係；倚聲填詞；崑曲

並列摘要

The tune names of qu have carried the music messages for thousands of years in China. Their primary contribution lies in maintaining a large quantity of Chinese traditional melodies through the form of the tune names of qu which indeed contains very rich reserves. The tune names of qu are products of Chinese literature and art. They integrate the logical thinking of music unique to the nation and form the specific frame for tune structures. Based on the homologous characteristics between tones and words, the tune names of qu lead to the creation mode of ”composing lyric according to sound ”. The tune names of qu exist as they represent the most original and natural features of national language and music. Such a mode of creation has dominated the creation of Chinese traditional tones for a long period of time. It is also the principal reason for the tune names of qu to take shape. Just as how the ancient poetry, lyrics and melody are perceived today, they are the model of tone structures in various dynasties. An important link in the whole tone system, they also fully represent its classical esthetic sensibility. Therefore, research on gain and loss of the tune structure through the comparison between Chinese and foreign music is helpful for us to understand or recreate the national music inheritance nowadays.

並列關鍵字

the tune names of qu ； generality ； modularization ； malleability ； variability ； relationship between lyric and melody ； composing lyric according to sound ； kunqu