以遊憩承載量理論建構露營區管理策略之研究

根據Google搜尋趨勢發現，「露營」關鍵字的搜尋行為於2011年開始明顯上升，露營逐漸成為國內親子共遊的熱門選項。然而，隨著露營活動的盛行，衍生出許多空間、行為及經營的管理問題，中央政府現行辦法中並無一套明確的露營區管理法規供業者依循。本研究以遊憩承載量理論之內涵，運用專家決策模式（MCDM），建立露營區的管理策略。運用文獻蒐集建構出策略內的4大構面並發展出28項準則，運用修正式模糊德爾菲法篩選出17項準則，並利用詮釋結構模式（ISM）建立目標要素之次序邏輯關係；最後應用網路層級分析法（ANP）作為最終之權重計算與方案比較，使評估準則更加客觀與科學，相較評比下較符合管理規範之露營區依序為小路露營區（A_5）≻櫻花谷露營區（A_3）≻龍門露營區（A_2）≻小野柳露營區（A_4）≻武陵農場露營區（A_1），進而建立出對露營區管理有利且具有方向性的策略方案。各項方案對於在方案下權重指數較低的準則弱點，可對照其他方案權重值較高的準則做比較。為建立露營區管理的策略方向，由研究結果可知，從遊憩承載量的觀點切入，在整個露營區管理策略下，生態承載量相較於實質、設施與社會乘載量較為重要，未來政府單位及經營業者進行露營區之管理時，可針對地質環境狀況、自然生態資源、排水系統等方面優先著手。

關鍵字

露營區；遊憩承載量；修正式模糊德爾菲法；詮釋結構模式；網路層級分析法

並列摘要

According to the data of Google's keyword searching, ＂camping＂ has been on the top since 2011. Camping has become a popular choice for family travel, and leads the trend of doing outdoor activities. However, with the prevalence of camping, many problems have also emerged. There is no clear law and regulations for camp management in the current regulations of the Central Government for suppliers to follow. This study uses the MCDM to establish camping area management strategies based on the content of the recreational carrying capacity theory. Using the literature collection, we construct the 4 dimensions of the strategy and develop 28 criteria,using the Modified Fuzzy Delphi Method to Select 17 Criteria, and use the structure mode of interpretation to establish the logical relationship between the elements of the order. Finally, using the network level analysis method as the final weight calculation and comparison with the plan, the evaluation criteria are more objective and scientific, and the camping areas that are more in line with the management norms are ranked as the Nalu camping area (A5) and the Sakura Valley camping area ( A3) the longmen Camping area(A2) the Xiaoyeliu Camping area (A4) the Wuling Farm Camping area (A1) ,and then it establishes a favorable and directional strategic plan for the management of camping areas. For each program's weaknesses in the criteria with lower weight index under the program, it can be compared with the criteria with higher weight values for other programs. To establish the strategic direction of camping area management, from the results of the study, ecological carrying capacity is more important than the other three. In the future, when the government units and operators will manage the camping area, they can start with aspects of the geological environment, natural ecological resources, and drainage systems.