成人氣喘病患生活品質及其相關因素探討

Quality of Life and Related Factors in Adult Patients with Asthma

鍾宜珍(I-Chen Chung) ； 王瑞霞(Ruey-Hsia Wang) ； 趙淑美(Shu-Mei Chao) ； 洪淑雲(Shu-Yun Hung)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 5卷2期 (2009/06) Pp. 149-157

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.5.2.149

摘要

本研究探討成人氣喘病患生活品質及其相關因素。採用橫斷式相關研究設計，以年滿十八歲，經醫師診斷為氣喘之門診病人為研究對象。經立意取樣，徵得高雄縣、市及屏東縣五家醫院同意參與研究，共獲得有效研究問卷209份。研究工具為結構式問卷，包括醫院焦慮憂鬱量表、自我照顧行為量表、氣喘生活品質量表、氣喘控制測驗、個人屬性及疾病特性。研究結果發現(1)氣喘病人的整體生活品質標準化得分為68.3，屬中等程度；(2)有學士學位以上之氣喘病患其生活品質優於高中職畢業者及國中畢業以下者；半專業人員或一般公務人員與專業人員與中、高級行政人員之生活品質優於無技術或非技術性工人；年齡越大者整體生活品質越差；(3)情緒困擾越高、自我照顧行為越好者其生活品質越差；氣喘控制越佳者其生活品質越好；(4)情緒困擾與氣喘控制為生活品質之重要解釋因子，共可解釋67.5%生活品質的總變異量。根據本研究結果，可做為提高成人氣喘病患生活品質臨床實務與教育之參考。

關鍵字

氣喘 ； 情緒困擾 ； 生活品質 ； 自我照顧行為 ； 氣喘控制

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate quality of life and related factors in adult patients with asthma. This study adopted a cross-sectional correlation design. Purposive sampling was used to recruit adult asthma patients over 18 years of age from outpatient departments of five hospitals in Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County and Pingtung County. A total of 209 valid questionnaires were acquired. Structured questionnaires were administered, which collected necessary data for a hospital anxiety and depression scale, self-care behavior scale, asthma quality of life scale and asthma control test scale as well as respondent information and disease characteristics. Results showed that: (1) the standardized quality of life score was 68.3, considered as a medium level; (2) quality of life for patients holding bachelor's degrees or higher was better than for patients educated to a high school or lower level; quality of life for semi-professionals, public officials, professionals and administrative staff at middle to senior levels was better than that for unskilled or non-skilled workers; the older the individual, the worse their quality of life; (3) elevated emotional distress and self-care behavior both correlated with lower quality of life, while better asthma control correlated with better quality of life; (4) ”asthma control” and ”emotional distress” were important explanatory variables for quality of life, accounting for 67.5% of total variance. Results of this study may be used for future reference in clinical nursing care and education on enhancing quality of life in adult patients with asthma.

並列關鍵字

asthma ； emotional distress ； quality of life ； self-care behavior ； asthma control