建築資訊模型對提升消防救災效率可行性之調查

A Survey on the Feasibility to Enhance the Firefighting and Life Rescue Efficiency in Fire Disasters with Building Information Modeling

柯弘玟(Hong-Wen Ko) ； 余文德(Wen-Der Yu)

《營建管理季刊》 101期 (2015/07) Pp. 24-37

https://doi.org/10.6505/CMJ-2015-101-24-14

摘要

國內火災案件中，建築物火警一直位居榜首，佔全部火警的70%以上。現今建築物火警搶救作業方式依然停留在依據2D平面圖協助救災之思維，在火警現場亦以建築物竣工圖作為搶救戰力佈署的基準圖說，厚厚的紙本在昏暗吵雜的火警現場中想要快速地找到資料並不簡單，更何況要翻來覆去的連結相關樓層。且同一時間內能參考竣工圖之人員不多，上意無法下達，正確的訊息就無法傳出，勢必造成救災的延誤。此一消防救災實務上長久存在之問題，在建築資訊模型（BIM）發展之後，極有可能得到重大之改善。本研究針對消防人員進行問卷調查，探討建築物火警搶救中如何應用BIM技術來強化救災效率，輔助消防人員於最短時間內確認該建築物特性與消防必要設備的位置，俾能快速、有效率的救出受困者、撲滅火勢，完成一場高效能與現代科技化的救災行動。透過科技接受模式方法及449位第一線消防人員之問卷調查分析發現，當消防員於建築物火警中能得到BIM資訊之輔助時，將較現今最常見之救災模式節省40%的時間，也可比現有消防救災中最理想之計畫下（得到現場竣工圖）的模式節省30%。因此，BIM技術在消防救災工作之應用具有極高之潛在效益，值得相關單位積極投入。

關鍵字

建築資訊模型 ； 建築物火災 ； 消防救災

並列摘要

Building fire disasters has been the most important contributor among all, which contributes more than 70% of all fire disasters occurred in Taiwan. However, the current practice of building firefighting still relies on traditional 2-dimensional as-built drawings for planning of on-site layout and deployment of rescue resources. It is difficult to just identify the critical locations for firefighting and life rescue from the heavy-hard-copy drawings, don't mention the complex network of rescue routes between the adjacent floors. The communication of correct information within the limited time becomes extreme difficult since only very few people can refer to the drawings at a time. As a result, the firefighting actions can be delayed and the lives may be lost. Such a long-lasting problem in firefighting can be essentially improved as the emergence of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology. The present research surveys front-line firefighters to discover their attitudes toward the adoption of BIM technology for improving fire rescue efficiency. 449 responses were received from a questionnaire to 500 selected surveyed firefighters. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is adopted as a tool to analyze the survey results. It is found from the results that 40% time can be saved if BIM is utilized in firefighting compared with the prevailing fire rescue practice, and 30% of time can be reduced compared the most ideal approach (as-built drawings provided) currently available. It is thus concluded that the BIM technology quotes significant potential to improve firefighting efficiency and thus worth of more investments and research efforts from the relevant government agencies.

並列關鍵字

Government Procurement ； Efficiency Analysis ； Important Procurement ； Large Procurement