100年度台灣地區食品中毒案件分析

Incidence of Foodborne Outbreaks in Taiwan during 2011

戚祖沅(Tsu-Yuan Chi) ； 郭家維(Chia-Wei Kuo) ； 鄭維智(Wei-Chih Cheng)

《食品藥物研究年報》 3期 (2012/12) Pp. 138-144

https://doi.org/10.6945/ARFDR.201212.0138

摘要

台灣地區100年度共計發生426案食品中毒案件，中毒人數5,819人，死亡者有1人，為誤食含有熱帶性海魚毒之魚類所造成，每案平均約涉及14名患者。案件數最多月份為2月，計57案，患者數最多月份為5月，計1,217人。病因物質判明案件計有160案。依病因物質統計，以「腸炎弧菌」引起的中毒案件數最多（52案，596人），其次為「仙人掌桿菌」（36案，1,065人）及「金黃色葡萄球菌」（27案，1,048人）。100年度肉毒桿菌毒素中毒計3案3人，而諾羅病毒引起中毒共計26案1,656人。另外，天然毒素中毒案件有植物性毒素3案（2案為誤食有毒蕈類，1案為誤食蔥蘭）、河豚毒4案、組織胺5案及熱帶性海魚毒1案，化學性食品中毒案件有1案為過氧化氫中毒。其中7至9月份是腸炎弧菌食品中毒發生的高峰期，仙人掌桿菌食品中毒主要集中在5及9月，諾羅病毒食品中毒發生案件數最高的月份為1月。依攝食場所分類統計，以供膳之營業場所案件數最多（54.2%），其次是學校（18.3%）與自宅（10.3%）。原因食品判明案件有111案，以複合調理食品45案最多（1,732人），其次為盒餐類28案（1,013人）及水產品20案（244人）。

關鍵字

食品中毒 ； 腸炎弧菌 ； 諾羅病毒 ； 河豚毒 ； 熱帶性海魚毒

並列摘要

In 2011, a total of 426 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported in Taiwan, involving 5,819 cases and 1 death caused by ciguateric toxins. On average, there were 14 cases per outbreak. Most occurrence happened in February (57 outbreaks) and most cases in May (1,217 cases). One hundred and sixty outbreaks were confirmed with etiologic agent, and the main etiology included Vibrio parahaemolyticus (52 outbreaks, 596 cases), Bacillus cereus (36 outbreaks, 1,065 cases) and Staphylococcus aureus (27 outbreaks, 1,048 cases). There were 3 Clostridium botulinum (3 cases) and 26 norovirus outbreaks (1,656 cases) this year. In addition, natural toxins, i.e. plant toxins, caused 3 outbreaks (2 by unknown toxic mushroom and 1 by Zephyranthes candida), tetrodotoxin caused 4 outbreaks, histamine caused 5 outbreaks and ciguateric toxins caused 1 outbreak. Chemical material caused 1 outbreak by hydrogen peroxide. The most number of outbreaks were due to V. parahaemolyticus from July to September, B. cereus mostly in May and September, while norovirus mostly in January. The locations for the foodborne disease outbreaks were restaurant (54.2%), school (18.3%) and home (10.3%). One hundred and eleven outbreaks were confirmed with food vehicles, and the main vehicles included compound cooking food (45 outbreaks, 1,732 cases), meal box (28 outbreaks, 1,013 cases) and seafood (20 outbreaks, 244 cases).

並列關鍵字

foodborne outbreaks ； Vibrio parahaemolyticus ； norovirus ； tetrodotoxin ； ciguateric toxins