校園環境之在地文化元素研究－以高雄市原住民國小為例

A Study of Campus Environment in a Local Culture- The Case in Aboriginal Elementary Schools of Kaohsiung City

姚村雄(Tsun-Hsiung Yao) ； 李建德(Chien-Te Lee)

《藝術與設計學報》 2期 (2015/12) Pp. 1-38

https://doi.org/10.6307/JAD.2015.2.01

摘要

台灣的小學校園建築形式，從過去日治時期以司令台為中心的格局，轉變為呈現在地文化及使用地域性建材的新形態校園，並結合參與式設計的精神充分融入在地人文藝術元素，讓新形態校園變得更多元更與社區充分結合，使學生在校園中活動和學習時，藉由建築本身的文化縮影達到環境教育與文化傳承之目的。台灣原住民族在1994年正名運動中，在過去受到一世紀外來統治以來，正式獲得主權尊重的象徵性開端，並以十三族的姿態展現各族群多元豐厚的文化特質。高雄縣政府教育局亦自2005年起積極推動「新校園空間美學」運動，重視在地文化與地方精神的呈現，孕育出多元面貌的校園。縣市合併前的高雄縣境內桃源鄉、茂林鄉及那瑪夏鄉是魯凱、布農及鄒族的原住民文化分佈區域，所包含的十所國小校園裡，在新校園空間美學的推波助瀾下，落實教育部九年一貫基本理念中的人本情懷與鄉土意識，推動鄉土教育實現九年一貫總體課程中六大議題裡的環境教育，讓校園成為社區文化匯聚的場域達到發展在地文化特色的教育目的。本研究將探究原住民的文化特質如何與校園建築做結合，如何經由藝術轉化而為兼具實用、美感且具豐富文化性的樣貌，另透過符號學、社會學與人類學的角度做理論分析。

關鍵字

原住民 ； 在地文化 ； 校園建築 ； 環境設計

並列摘要

Campus building form has changed from the commander's platform for center of structure in the Japanese colonial period to present the new appearance in a culture and the usage of region building materials. It not only combines the spirit of participate type design and use the local humanities art element very well, but let the campus become more diversified and local. By the way of the present of culture miniatures of the building, let students be familiar with the environment and cultural gradually when they study, to reach the purpose of the culture spread. The reinstatement activity of Taiwanese aborigine in 1994, it meant the beginning of acquire the sovereignty and respect formally since they are ruled about one century. And 13 clans they emerge the diverse big cultural characteristic in each ethnicity Department of Education, Kaohsiung County Government push the ＂New campus space aesthetics＂ exercise since 2005, value and present in a culture and place spirit, to conceive a various campus. Tauyuan township, Maolin township and Namasia township of Kaohsiung County are the district of Taiwanese aborigine of RukaiTribe, Bunun Tribe and Zao Tribe. The 10 elementary schools there by the current of the ＂New campus exercise＂ and the ＂new campus space esthetics＂ exercise, they can practice the ideal of Grade 1-9 Curriculum-making the people center, hometown consciousness and environmental education. Let campus combined with the community culture closely. This research will investigate the aborigine's cultural characteristic, artifacts, carvings, decoration; and how to combine with campus building; how to convert art into the representation of cultural appearance. In addition, Learn through the sign, the angle of the sociology and anthropology does the theories.

並列關鍵字

aborigine ； local culture ； campus building ； environment deign