本土「權力姿態效應」之研究品質－從文獻探討及資料核實辨識劣質科學

社會科學發現無法再現，以及原創研究方法不嚴謹的問題，在西方學術界已形成批判風潮以及有系統的研究主題。在國內，至今少見相關領域的學者提出具體評論。「權力姿勢效應」是新近被探討的案例之一，在2016 年經過原作者公開資料坦承錯誤的事件，已經揭露原始研究資料收集與分析方式不符合當代科學研究的標準。然而在相同時期，台灣國家文官學院與國內相關領域學者，以「權力姿勢效應」研究為基礎，建置「身體姿勢模組姿料庫」。本文回顧「權力姿勢效應」原始研究瑕疵被揭露的過程，好奇參與「身體姿勢模組資料庫」的研究人員，究竟採用什麼科學標準建立背景知識？透過公開的劣質科學偵測方法，以及整合分析，審視這項資料庫在基礎研究與應用會遇到的限制，並評論這些限制導致社會科學劣質化與不端事件的可能狀況。

關鍵字

權力姿勢效應；整合分析；劣質科學偵測

並列摘要

The irreproducible crisis and the friable research methodology are the hot-button issues in the Western academics. Some researchers have endeavored to promote the quality of social science research. However, these issues are rarely mentioned by the Taiwanese social scientists. ＂Power Posing＂ has been the well-known case originated from the flimsy data collection and analysis based on the first author's confession. During the months the evidences against ＂Power Posing＂ were reported, the research team organized by National Academy of Civil Service (NACS) was established the database of body posture based on these criticized studies. When I reviewed the process to reveal the problems of ＂Power Posing＂, I was curious which scientific standard this research team held in their mind? To answer this question, the studies cited by this team were analyzed the bad scientific detectors, and the true effects of these studies are evaluated in the meta-analysis. These analyses could help the readers evaluate the limitations of this project on the future researches and applications and have the awareness of the causes leading to the bad sciences and misconduct researches.

並列關鍵字

Power posing ； Meta-analysis ； Bad science detectors

參考文獻

Carney, D.R., Cuddy, A.J., and Yap, A.J. (2010). Power posing: brief nonverbal displays affect neuroendocrine levels and risk tolerance. Psychological Science, 21, 1363–1368. doi: 10.1177/0956797610383437

Simmons, J. P., & Simonsohn, U. (2017). Power Posing: P-Curving the Evidence. Psychological Science, 28, 687–693. doi:10.1177/0956797616658563

Carney, D. R., Cuddy, A. J. C., & Yap, A. J. (2015). Review and Summary of Research on the Embodied Effects of Expansive (vs. Contractive) Nonverbal Displays. Psychological Science, 26, 657–663. doi:10.1177/0956797614566855

Ranehill, E., Dreber, A., Johannesson, M., Leiberg, S., Sul, S., & Weber, R. A. (2015). Assessing the Robustness of Power Posing No Effect on Hormones and Risk Tolerance in a Large Sample of Men and Women. Psychological Science, 26, 653–656. doi:10.1177/0956797614553946

Simonsohn, U., Nelson, L. D., & Simmons, J. P. (2014). P-curve: A key to the file-drawer. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143, 534–547. doi:10.1037/a0033242

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本土「權力姿態效應」之研究品質－從文獻探討及資料核實辨識劣質科學

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