排球後排扣球之運動學分析－個案探討

The Kinematics Analysis of Volleyball Back-Row-Spiking Technique-case Study

涂瑞洪(Jui-Hung Tu) ； 林俊達(Jun-Da Lin) ； 楊金芳(Chin-Fang Yang)

《屏東教大運動科學學刊》 2期 (2006/01) Pp. 167-174

摘要

近年來世界排球比賽，幾乎是以歐美排球為主的強力扣球為導向，扣球攻擊力越強的隊伍，獲勝的機率就越高。早期的排球扣球攻擊只有前排的位置，但隨著排球技術的發展，後排扣球加入成一種立體的交叉戰術，使戰術上的應用有了多重選擇。而後排扣球起跳位置比前排位置遠，所以勢必增加起跳水平速度與垂直高度，但我國球員身高條件，不及國外一流選手，若再加上手臂長差距就更大，相同選手在不同扣球高度及扣球點與球網水平距離下，其後排扣球的運動表現是一值得探討分析的主題。本研究主要目的是以攝影分析法取得運動學參數的變化，配合統計學積差相關係數分析，探討一位優秀大專男子排球選手在不同扣球高度及扣球點與球網水平距離下，後排扣球之運動表現。所得結果如下：
一、扣球點與球網的水平距離愈近，扣球高度有越低的現象(r=-0.75)。
二、受試者不同水平距離及高度扣球，球離手平均速度為24.94m/s±1.32m/s，扣球技術具穩定性。
三、扣球平均角度為13.77°±5.72°，扣球點與球網的水平距離愈近，扣球角度越大(r=0.94)
四、起跳水平速度與垂直速度影響扣球點的高度與扣球點至球網的水平距離，本研究受試者重心起跳角度介於74.8°至41.8°之間，重心起跳角度越大起跳身體角度就越大(r=0.88)。

關鍵字

運動學 ； 後排扣球 ； 扣球角度

並列摘要

In the world volleyball games, the main technique trend was forceful spiking. The more forceful attacks the higher probability of win. The back-raw-spiking technique made the tactic application has the multiple choices. By the rule, volleyball players jump before the 3m-line, the higher jump velocity is necessary for a successful attack.
The performance of back-raw-spiking in the different horizontal distances (from net) and heights for one player, is a topic that to be worth analysis and discuss. The purpose of this study is to probe one elite male volleyball player's back-row-spiking performance that in different spiking heights and distances. The results of this study are:
1. the near distances between spiking point to net, the lower of the spiking heights (r=-0.75).
2. The ball's average speed is 24.94m/s±1.32m/s after spiking, shows that subject's skill is stable that in different distances and heights.
3. The spiking average angle is 13.77°±5.72°. The near distances between spiking point the larger spiking angles.
4. The horizontal and vertical velocities infect the distances and spiking heights. The subject's jumping angles of CG (center of gravity) is between 74.8°至41.8°. the larger of jumping angles the larger of truck angles (r=0.88).

並列關鍵字

kinematics ； back-row-spiking spiking angle