目標形式及運動知覺能力對青少年桌球發球表現及狀態性焦慮的影響

本研究主要想探討不同的目標形式及運動知覺能力對於青少年桌球發球表現及狀態性焦慮的影響。以120位五股國中的學生且無桌球學習經驗者爲受試對象，年齡平均爲12.27±0.91歲。依運動知覺能力高低分組，隨機分派至過程目標組、結果目標組及控制組三組中，各組各爲40人並進行連續六週，每週2次各20分鐘的訓練。以兒童運動知覺能力量表及賽前狀態焦慮量表、目標形式檢核問卷進行施測，所得資料以二因子變異數分析及皮爾遜積差相關進行統計分析。研究結果發現：1.目標形式與運動知覺能力對於桌球發球表現與狀態性焦慮則沒有交互作用影響。2.過程目標組在桌球發球表現及狀態性焦慮的三個分量表上的得分均顯著優於結果目標組及控制組。3.運動知覺能力與桌球發球表現及自信心有正相關，而與認知性焦慮及身體性焦慮有負相關。

關鍵字

目標形式；運動知覺能力；桌球發球表現；狀態性焦慮

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of goal type, sport perceived competence on teenagers', table tennis serving performance and state anxiety. One hundred and twenty Wu-Gu junior high school 1(superscript st)-grade students who didn't have any experience to learn table tennis were used as the subjects (the average was 12.27±0.91). According to the sport perceived competence, the subjects were divided into high and low group, and then the subjects were randomly assigned to the process goal group, outcome goal group, and control group. Each group had 40 subjects, and were administered by learning table tennis serving 20 minutes twice a week, and kept six weeks. The research instruments used in this study were ”Children Sport Perceived Competence Inventory”, ”Competition State Anxiety Inventory-Ⅱ (CSAI-Ⅱ)”, and goal types checklist. The collected data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Pearson product-moment correlation. The results were as follows: 1. There was no interaction effect of goal type and sport perceived competence on table tennis serving performance and state anxiety. 2. The process goal group was found to be better than outcome goal group and control group in table tennis serving performance and CSAI-Ⅱ scores. 3. Sport perceived competence had positive correlation with table tennis serving performance and self confidence, and had negative correlation with cognitive anxiety, and somatic anxiety.