臺灣民俗體育的傳承與斷裂（1949~2010年）－一個歷史社會學的視角

本研究目的在於探討臺灣民俗體育的歷史發展與其社會面向的深層意涵。透過史料分析，採行歷史社會學為研究方法，加以檢視、驗證、解釋與分析。研究發現：隨著主政者的不同認知與思維，民俗體育時而作為文化外交之工具，時而又被置放在底層地位。由政府部門的政策引導與學校體育的大力推動，民俗體育漸漸從邊緣性運動轉向全民運動。然而，民俗體育仍屬於陪襯的角色，不論是依附在節日慶典中的廟會活動，抑或是學校推行的體育活動，皆可發現民俗體育不如一般亞奧運項目的運動發展。且民俗體育在發展的進程中，隨著主政者的不同認知與思維以及時間、空間的轉變，它也在延續中出現斷裂。再者，民俗體育在政府主導推行多年，也面臨一些困境與問題，然而，在針對問題進行改革之時，師資培育機構並無充裕的「民俗體育」專長師資，這也會讓民俗體育在推展上面臨實質性困難。最後，隨著時間、空間的不同，民俗體育從遊戲性、樂趣性、民俗性，轉變為競技性、規則性與公平性，舊有的本質也隨之有所變異。

關鍵字

傳統；現代性；全球化

並列摘要

This study, based on a perspective of historical sociology, explores the historical development of Taiwanese Folk Sports and its social meaning. The result shows that on one hand Taiwanese Folk Sports could be an efficient instrument of cultural diplomacy, on the other it is placed at the lower position. The guide of government policy and the advancement of school physical education contribute Taiwanese Folk Sports to the movement of sports for all. However, Taiwanese Folk Sports still acts as a foil to the temple festival activities and the formal school sports. The developmental trend of Taiwanese Folk Sports differs from western athletic sports. The inheritance happens on the developmental process of Taiwanese Folk Sports because of the different cognitions from different ruling political parties. Besides, Taiwanese Folk Sports itself faces some straits and problems to carry out-lack of qualified teachers, for example. Finally, the essence of Taiwanese Folk Sports becomes variation by following its entertaining, folk customary, athletic transition.