國中自然與生活科技領域教師對國立科學工藝博物館資源運用之分析研究

The Study of the Usage of Nation Science and Technology Museum by the Junior High School Teachers of Science and Technology

朱耀明 ； 楊裕琦 ； 陳辛慶

《科技教育課程改革與發展學術研討會論文集》 2003期 (2003/06) Pp. 369-377

https://doi.org/10.29495/CITE.200306.0369

摘要

本研究旨在了解國中自然與生活科技領域教師運用科工館資源於教學和進修的情形、比較教師的期望與科工館提供資源的比較、以及瞭解教師的具體建議。透過自然探究法，採取立意取樣，訪談與觀察六位運用科工館於教學與進修上良好的樣本教師，並與兩位館員對談以供比較。研究所採行的是逐步浮現的研究設計，運用錄音與記錄，並透過省思日誌收集資料。最後運用三角驗證、同儕簡報、參與者檢核、自我檢核、審核者審核等方式，以求研究之可信性、遷移性、可靠性與驗證性，以建立本研究之信賴度。將每位樣本教師的意見歸納、統整與分析之後，獲致以下的結論：
一、教師運用科工館資源於教學的情形，有安排科工館參觀活動、運用網路資源、使用影帶教材、展示結合課後作業等四種方式。
（一）安排參觀活動的六階段：事先的觀察與經驗、教學計劃的撰寫、注意事項的考量、實際實施的情形、學生的反應與成效、及後續的發展。
（二）安排參觀活動的九項考量：教學目標、教學內容、教學對象、教學方法、教學活動、教學資源、教學環境、教學時間、教學評量。
（三）安排參觀活動須準備八項說明：家長同意書、特殊原因、課程調配、交通狀況、經費預算、安全秩序、特別支援、注意事項。
二、教師運用科工館資源於進修的情形，有運用圖書室資源、參加教師研習進修、參與教案及活動單開發、以及協助開發課程等四種方式。
三、教師對科工館資源的需求期望，有教學內容和學校課程作配合、進修研習有不同類型、宣傳管道要更多元與暢通、交通安排能夠為學校準備、以及資源教師制度能夠及早建立健全的組織等五個部分。
四、綜合樣本教師分別針對科工館教學資源部分、教師進修部分、與對其他教師在運用科工館時的建議等方向作出結論。
（一）對教學資源的建議有：對場地、設備、器材建議可以再增大、擴充；活動宣傳方面建議可以多樣化、活潑化；展示內容建議可以常常變化。
（二）對教師進修的建議有：希望能有多樣的教師研習課程；科工館資源教師制度建議要組織起來、要有傳承制度。
（三）對其他教師的建議有：多去科工館參加研習活動增進瞭解科工館傳遞的訊息與提供的資源；要帶學生參觀前要事先做好相關資料的索取。

關鍵字

自然與生活科技領域 ； 教師 ； 博物館教育 ； 科工館 ； 自然探究

並列摘要

The purposes of this study are to find out the fact that the junior high school teachers of science and technology use Nation Science and Technology Museum (NSTM) in teaching and studying, compare teachers' expectation with NSTM's resources, and find out the teachers' concrete suggestion. This study is done by using Naturalistic Inquiry and Purposive Sampling, interviewing and observing six sample teachers who apply NSTM in teaching and advanced studying, and interviewing two staff of NSTM by comparison. The study is adopted with Emergent Design, tape recording and recording, and collecting data by Reflexive Journal. Finally, we use the methods of Triangulation, Peer Debriefing, Member Checking, Self Checking, Auditor Checking …etc, to achieve the study's credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmality to establish the study's trustworthiness. Conclude, Unite, and analyze the sample teachers' opinion, we made conclusions from the fact as follows:
1. The condition of teachers using NSTM in teaching is to contain four methods: arranging some visit in NSTM, utilizing internet resources, using videotape for teaching material, and arranging homework with reveal.
(1) Arrange six stages of visiting in NSTM: observation and experience beforehand, planning teaching projects, considering the care matter, students’ respond and effect, and follow-up development.
(2) Arrange nine consideration in visiting NSTM: teaching objective, teaching content, teaching target, teaching method, teaching activity, teaching resources, teaching surroundings, teaching periods, and teaching evaluation.
(3) Arrange the eight explanation for preparing of visiting in NSTM preparing: parents' agreement, special causes, course allocation, transport condition, outlay budget, secure order, special supports, care matter.
2. The condition of teachers who use NSTM in advanced studying is to contain four methods: using library resources, participating teachers' research and study, partaking the development the lesson plans and worksheets, and assist to develop the lessons.
3. The teachers' expectation for NSTM are divided into five parts: the matching with teaching content and school curriculum, the variety of research and study, the more diversify and contact of propagate channel, the preparing transportation for schools, and the advanced integrity of resource teachers system.
4. Conclude that the sample teachers' suggestion for teaching resource and teachers' research and study in NSTM, and other teachers' using condition of the NSTM:
(1) Suggestions to teaching resources: ground, equipment, materials must be extended, and expanded; activity propagation can become diversified and lively, exhibition content must be often changed.
(2) Suggestions to teachers' research and study: requiring a variety of curriculum, the establishment of the resource teachers' system.
(3) Suggestions to other teachers: more visits to NSTM, participating the research and study for knowing how NSTM information and services, preparing well before the visit.

並列關鍵字

Science and Technology ； teacher ； museum education ； Nation Science and Technology Museum ； Naturalistic Inquiry