員警壓力及其因應策略

Policeman Stressors and Coping Strategies

孫義雄(Yi-Hsiung Sun) ； 陳進吉(Chin-Chi Chen)

《中央警察大學警察行政管理學報》 10期 (2014/05) Pp. 103-126

摘要

警察工作是高壓力的行業，具有挑戰性、辛勞性、機動性、誘惑性和危險性。其壓力可能來自組織內部、外部環境、工作本身以及個人因素；因壓力所產生之不良後果，又會影響員警生理、心理，並容易導致身心疾病、性格改變、工作效率降低、家庭生活不和諧等問題。本文對新北市政府警察局中和第一分局員警，隨機抽樣150名員警，以34題的「員警壓力量表」及38題「員警壓力因應策略量表」進行問卷調查。發現員警壓力來源大致可分為「環境因素」、「個人因素」、「組織因素」及「工作本身因素」等四個面向；面對壓力所採取因應策略，最常見的不外為直接解決問題、邏輯分析處理、尋求各方支持、情緒調整適應，大多以理性態度來處理壓力，少數會消極的逃避，不敢面對問題。員警如何因應壓力需各層面密切配合，方得以竟其功。首先員警本身應對壓力有正確認知，並瞭解如何適應排除壓力；其次警察組織應主動關懷輔導，並提供如休閒場所等壓力紓壓之管道，如此相輔相成，才能真正減輕員警工作壓力。

關鍵字

員警 ； 壓力 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

The policeman has special assignment with sensitive motive to do justice which associated with social activities and lots of impact on civil rights. They are not only law enforcement, but a representative of public power. As such, the highly stressful job is full of challenging, tempting, and hazardous. However, the stressors might be from the inside of police organization, the outside of society, or personal behavior. Due to the bad effect of stressors, it will affect the police staff emotionally or physically. Mental disorder will lower the working efficiency and disharmonize the family life. This context was taken by a random sampling of 150 police staffs coming from the Zhonghe First Precinct, New Taipei City Police Department. The questionnaire survey is proceeded with ＂The stress scale of police staff＂ and ＂The coping strategies inventory for police staff＂. Based on our findings, the corresponding strategies on our police staff to deal with stressors are including to settle dispute directly, to manage it logically, to seek help everywhere, or to adjust it at ease. Most results are positive and few are getting away with negative attitude. No matter what method we used, it was perfectly fit in our practical theory nowadays. To cope with stressors is important to our staff and it will need all the help from various sources working together to make it happen. Firstly, we should have bright view about stressors and know exactly how to exclude it. Secondly, police organization should actively involved in caring counsel and provide the right access to relieve the pressure, such as entertainment center. Lastly, public support and social recognition is also a good incentive to ease working pressure and oppression.

並列關鍵字

Policeman ； Stressors ； Coping Strategies