施用牛糞堆肥對一般作物及土壤特性之影響效應

The Effect of Dairy Compost on Crop Production and Soil Characteristics

蔡宜峰(Yi-Fong Tsai) ； 陳清文(Ching-Wen Chen)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 40期 (1993/09) Pp. 9-16

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199309.0009

摘要

為配合加強廢棄物處理政策及瞭解牛糞堆肥對作物產量、品質及土壤特性之影響效應，于彰化縣田中鎮、台中縣后里鄉及外埔鄉，分別針對玫瑰、苦瓜、蓎菖蒲及葡萄等多種作物實施田間試驗。試驗結果顯示，牛糞堆肥有改良土壤理化性之效果，包括降低土壤總體密度、土壤硬度及增加土壤水分含量、pH值等，在土壤肥力方面，牛糞堆肥處理有增加土壤有機質及有效性磷含量之效果，對土壤交換性鉀及無機態氮含量則無顯著影響。惟以上處理效益僅顯現在土壤深度0～30 cm以內。牛糞堆肥處理對作物產量及品質亦均有極良好的效果，例如對玫瑰、苦瓜及蓎菖蒲之平均增產率分別可達7.3%、29.5%及9.6%。顯然，牛糞廢棄物如經過適當堆肥化處理，將可製成品質優良的有機質肥料，而回饋於農業生產。

關鍵字

牛糞堆肥 ； 作物生產 ； 土壤特性

並列摘要

Field trials including rose, bitter gourd, gladiolus, and grape four crops were conducted to study the effect of dairy compost on crop production and soil characteristics at Changhua (Teichung) and Taichung (Houlee, Waipu).The result showed that the use of dairy compost had positive effects on the improvement of soil characteristics such as the decrease of soil bulk density, soil hardness, and the increase of soil water content, pH, OM, and available phosphorus, but no difference for the exchangeable potassium and inorganic nitrogen content in soil. However, the effect of using dairy compost on soil characteristics showed only between 0~30 cm from soil profile during one cropping season. The use of dairy compost also increased significantly both yields and qualities of crops. For example, the yield of rose, bitter gourd and gladiolus increased by 7.3%, 29.5%, and 9.6%, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended that dairy compost can be as a resource for organic fertilizer.

並列關鍵字

dairy compost ； crop production ； soil characteristic