杏鮑菇栽培用木屑堆積製程中添加有益微生物及廢棄木屑基質之影響研究

Evaluation on the Effects of Microorganism and Growth Medium Waste in Processing Sawdust Growth Medium for Pleurotus Eryngii

蔡宜峯(Yi-Fong Tsai) ； 陳俊位(Chein-Wei Chen)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 116期 (2012/09) Pp. 47-56

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.201209.0047

摘要

本研究擬探討在杏鮑菇栽培用木屑堆積製作過程中，添加有益微生物或杏鮑菇栽培後廢棄木屑基質對杏鮑菇栽培用木屑若干化學特性之影響，以期做為日後製作杏鮑菇栽培用木屑的支援技術參考。本研究包括使用新鮮木屑100%處理（FS）、使用新鮮木屑100%+有益微生物處理（FS+M）、使用新鮮木屑75%+廢棄木屑基質25%處理（FS+GMW）及使用新鮮木屑75%+廢棄木屑基質25%+有益微生物處理（FS+GMW+M）等4種處理，有益微生物包括木黴菌（Trichoderma sp.）分離菌株TCFO9409及枯草桿菌（Bacillus sp.）分離菌株TCB9722等。由試驗結果顯示，在堆積過程中各處理木屑材料的pH值、氮、磷、鉀、鈣及鎂等含量呈現逐漸增加，木屑材料的電導度（EC值）及有機碳含量呈現逐漸減少。FS+GMW及FS+GMW+M處理的堆積材料溫度在堆積15日內可達到60℃以上，在堆積第60日後，溫度降低至50℃以下；此時FS+GMW及FS+GMW+M處理的堆積材料碳氮比（C/N）變化亦逐漸緩和，分別為74.8及72.1。FS+M處理的堆積材料溫度則在堆積第30日才達到60℃以上，FS處理的堆積材料溫度則在堆積第45日才能夠達到60℃以上，上述FS+M及FS兩處理在堆積第75日後，溫度才會分別降低至50℃以下；此時FS及FS+M處理的堆積材料碳氮比變化逐漸緩和，分別為81.3及80.1。顯然經過適當堆積製作後，適用杏鮑菇栽培用木屑材料的碳氮比將趨近約72～82範圍。

關鍵字

木黴菌 ； 枯草桿菌 ； 杏鮑菇 ； 木屑基質

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of microorganism and growth medium waste in processing sawdust growth medium for Pleurotus eryngii. The four treatments conducted that including fresh sawdust (FS) 100%, fresh sawdust 100%+microorganisms (FS+M), fresh sawdust 75%+growth medium waste 25% (FS+GMW) and fresh sawdust 75%+growth medium waste 25%+microorganisms (FS+GMW+M).The microorganisms were incorpated into sawdust materials before composting. The inoculated isolates were Trichoderma sp. (TCFO 9409) and Bacillus sp. (TCB 9722). The results indicated that in each treatment, the pH, the contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg of maturated material were increasing; the EC and the contents of organic carbon of maturated material were reducing during maturating process. The temperature of treatment FS+GMW and FS+GMW+M rose up to 60℃ at day 15, and go down to 50℃ at day 60 during maturating process. At day 60, the C/N ratios of maturated material in treatment FS+GMW and FS+GMW+M were 74.8 and 72.1, respectively, and the maturated material in those treatments were reached to be stable in the maturated process. The temperature of treatment FS and FS+M rose up to 60℃ at date 45 and 30 during maturating process, respectively. The temperature of those treatments go down to 50℃ at day 75 during maturated process. At the same time, the C/N ratio of maturated material in treatment FS+GMW and FS+GMW+M were 74.8 and 72.1, respectively, and the maturated material in those treatments were reached to be stable in the maturated process. Therefore, the C/N ratio of sawdust material in the range of 72-82 could be appropriate for Pleurotus eryngii.

並列關鍵字

Trichoderma sp. ； Bacillus sp. ； Pleurotus eryngii ； sawdust growth medium