不同雙手支撐寬度及落下高度增強式伏地挺身之生物力學分析

The biomechanical analysis of plyometric push-up with different support widths and drop heights of the reinforced hands

黃宇平(Yu-Ping Huang) ； 許善凱(Shan-Kai Hsu) ； 彭賢德(Hsien-Te Peng) ； 沈啓賓(Chi-Pin Hsen) ； 張富貴(Fuh-Guey Chang)

《運動表現期刊》 5卷2期 (2018/12) Pp. 75-82

https://doi.org/10.3966/240996512018120502004

摘要

緒論：藉由不同雙手支撐寬度與不同落下高度之增強式伏地挺身動作，分析其上肢動力學與運動學參數的改變，以期達到較佳之訓練效果。方法：15名甲組網球、桌球與拳擊隊運動員為受試對象，使用11部Motion攝影機、2個AMTI測力板同步和自製3個不同高度的台子來完成實驗。統計方面以SPSS 18.0重複量數2×3 two-way ANOVA來進行分析。結果：上肢角度在伏地挺身動作寬度變窄時，會使著地瞬間肘屈、腕伸角度減小、肘屈角度最大值增加、肘與腕關節角速度增加、支撐時間減少、著地碰撞力與推蹬力增加，而落下高度要達到20公分，碰撞力與肘與腕關節角速度才會顯著增加。結論：改變雙手支撐寬度與落下高度的增強式伏地挺身，確實會造成動力學與運動學參數的改變，手肘部分是整體動作的關鍵所在，可藉由調整雙手支撐寬度為主，落下高度為輔的方式進行訓練強度的調整。落下高度越高會形成較大的碰撞力與角速度，對增加訓練強度是有幫助的，但強度太大或許也可能會形成運動傷害。

關鍵字

運動生物力學 ； 增強式訓練 ； 角速度

並列摘要

Introductions: the purpose of the study was to analyze the parameters of kinetics and kinematics in upper limbs by changing the widths and heights of the hands during plyometric push-up. Methods: 15 college students of Division I tennis, table tennis and box teams from Chinese Culture University voluntarily participated in the study. 11 cameras were synchronized with 2 AMTI force plates, and 3 different-height platforms were used during the test. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Two by three two-way ANOVA with repeated measures were used for statistical analyses. Results: When the width of push-up narrowed, the angles of elbow and wrist decreased, maximum elbow flexion angle increased, the angular velocity of the elbow and wrist increased, the support time decreased, and the ground impact force and the push force increased. Conclusions: changing the support width and drop height of hands changes the kinetics and kinematics during plyometric push-up. The elbow was a key factor of the movement. The training intensity could be adjusted mainly by the support width and secondary by the drop height of hands. Dropping from a higher height would result in a greater impact force and angular velocity, which may be helpful in increasing the training intensity, but the excessive intensity may lead to injuries.

並列關鍵字

sports biomechanics ； plyometrics training ； angular velocity

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