創業精神對企業營運績效之影響—從行動積極性的角度

The effect of entrepreneurship on business performance-From the perspective of action aggressiveness

曾志弘(Cher-Hung Tseng) ； 林志潔(Chih-Chieh Lin) ； 鍾招正(Chao-Cheng Chung)

《創業管理研究》 9卷2期 (2014/12) Pp. 77-103

摘要

創業已成為近年來重要的研究議題，而創業精神是影響企業營運重要的因素。變動的環境下，企業不能僅止於延續或強化原有的競爭優勢，必須考慮競爭者的行動，反而要更積極地反應並建立新的競爭優勢，當產業內不斷有企業推陳出新的競爭行動時，就會呈現動態競爭。在創業精神中，行動積極性表示企業積極發動各種行動以獲取各種市場機會與對抗競爭者，進而提升營運績效。因此本研究探討企業創業精神的展現－行動積極性對企業營運績效之影響。本研究以中小企業為研究對象，收集108家樣本進行分析。研究結果顯示行動積極性，構念包括產品創新積極性、行銷創新積極性與市場創新積極性皆對企業非財務績效有正向影響；而產品創新積極性與行銷創新積極性對企業財務績效有正向影響。此外，從資源基礎與能力觀點，企業技術是企業競爭的根基，因此本研究亦探討企業技術內隱性對企業行動積極性對企業績效調節之影響。結果顯示當企業技術內隱性愈高，愈能提升市場創新積極性與企業績效間之正向關係。本研究顯示當企業展現出高度的創業精神，亦即主動進行各種產品、行銷與市場創新，可以提升企業的營運績效。相對地，保守行動或是不行動可能無法提升企業之績效。

關鍵字

創業精神 ； 行動積極性 ； 產品創新 ； 行銷創新

並列摘要

Entrepreneurship has become an important research topic in recent years, and an important factor that affect business operations. In the changing environment, companies can not only limited to last or to strengthen the existing competitive advantages. They must consider the actions of competitors, but also to react to establish new competitive advantages more aggressively. When there are new competitive actions of companies within the industry, it will be presented competitive dynamics. In the entrepreneurship, the action aggressiveness represents enterprises to actively mobilize the various actions to obtain the market opportunities and to fight against competitors, thereby to improve the running performance. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of entrepreneurship on business performance by the sample form SMEs and collected 108 cases. The results showed that action aggressiveness, including product innovation and, marketing innovation and new markets innovation all have a positive impact to the corporate's non-financial performance; while product innovation and marketing innovation has a positive impact to the corporate financial performance. In addition, from the perspective of the resource based view, the technology is the foundation of competitive ability of enterprise. The study also explored the moderating effect of the relationship with actions aggressiveness and performance. The result presents that when the technology tacitness higher, the positive effect between new markets innovation aggressiveness and performance higher. This study shows that when companies show a higher degree of entrepreneurship, e.g. through new products, marketing and new markets innovations, can enhance their business performance. In contrast, the conservative action or inaction may not be able to improve the performance of enterprises.

並列關鍵字

Entrepreneurship ； action aggressiveness ； product innovation ； marketing innovation