Talents development of university and college teachers normally need longer time than teachers from high school, middle school and primary school. Basically, after completing degree, master and PhD process and start working in the education field, the average age will be over thirty, they could only have a slender income or wait for the full time at that period of time. In fact, for higher education teachers, it is not sufficient in their guarantee of lives. Especially for private university and college teachers, as they are employed under private university and college, their careers are closely related to policy and development of the university and college, relatively the risks of guarantees in careers and retirement are also slightly higher, thus a perfect pension system for private university and college teachers would be a basic guarantee in ease of teaching. There was no many private university and college, and teachers in earlier times, thus the treatment problems of private university and college teachers have not been widely discussed. Yet, after balancing the role of public and private education, government, university and college and teachers began to have systematic discussions on treatment problems of private university and college teachers. However, the treatment and retirement guarantees of private university and college teachers, throughout the improvement process, what have they gone through and what obstacles they have been facing? This paper attempts to focus on these, especially on the treatment and retirement guarantees of the private university and college teachers. Firstly, multi-pillar pension system have been discussed, then the salary structure of university teachers, guarantees of first and second pillar have also been discussed separately which include the protection of legislative evolution, revised background and contents of law and etc. Lastly, some opinions on the recent reform orientations have also been discussed.