客家族群性別制度之研究－以屏東縣竹田聚落為例

陳詩婷 ； 陳枝烈

《屏東文獻》 14期 (2010/12) Pp. 80-115

https://doi.org/10.29682/JPTH.201012.0004

摘要

本文以質性研究之深度訪談，探討屏東縣竹田買主落的客家族群性別制度，輔以Connell的性別關係作分析。本研究之研究目的為：一、探究存在於客家族辭中的性別制度，及其如何影響男性與女性之間的性別關係。二、探討時代變遷下，客家族群中性別制度變化的因素。三、探究世代交替下，客家男性與女性如何解讀性別制度的轉變。四、分析客家族群中性別制度所展現的性別關係。研究者根據訪談資料將性別制度分為繼承制度、婚姻制度、性別分工三個面向，歸納整理出以下幾點結論：一、繼承制度（一）客家族群財產繼承權以男性為主。（二）長孫田制的流傳面臨變革。二、婚姻制度（一）「同姓不婚」、「世仇不婚」等姓氏禁忌、漸被破除。（二）客家女性「傳統美德」的精神續傳承，形式不若以往嚴謹。（三）婚姻仍以嫁娶婚為主，變例婚己罕見。三、性別分工（一）客家族群家務分工不均，女性攬全責居多。（二）家庭決策者以男性為主。最後針對結論提出傳統性別制度的傳承與轉變以及未來研究方向兩方面建議。

關鍵字

客家族群 ； 性別制度

並列摘要

Based on in-depth interviews of qualitative research to explore the Hakka of the gender institution in Jhutian settlements, Pingtung County. The purposes of this study include: 1 .To explore the gender of the Hakka, and how to affect Hakka's life. 2. To discuss the factors that affect the gender of the Hakka in the different times. 3. To explore Hakka men and women how to interpret the changes of gender between alternation of generations. 4. To analysis the gender relations in the gender cultures of the Hakka. According to interviews, the researcher divides the researcher into three dimensions: inheritance institution, the institution of marriage, and gendered division of labor. The researcher sorts out the following conclusions: 1.Inheritance institution 1. The Hakka men have the right to inherit property. 2. The maintenance of the eldest grandson's institution are faced a grand transition II. The institution of marriage 1. The surname taboo of ＂same surname is not married,＂ and＂ blood feud is not married＂ are gradually abandoned 2. The spirit of ＂traditional virtues＂ of Hakka women is still existed, but it has declined gradually. 3. The traditional marriage ceremony of the Hakka is gradually simplified, gender inequalities have gradually improved III. Gendered division of labor 1. The distribution of housework in Hakka is not unequally, mostly women take full responsibility. 2. Men always play the decision makers of family.

並列關鍵字

The Hakka ； gender institution