聯合國「關於促進和保護人權的國家機構的地位的原則（巴黎原則）」之研究

A Study of United Nation's "Principles relating to the Status of National Institutions (The Paris Principles)"

李健源(Lee Chien-Yuan)

《弘光學報》 91期 (2023/03) Pp. 59-76

https://doi.org/10.6615/HAR.202303_(91).0005

摘要

近代以來人權的價值觀不斷的變動和發展，而全球化的出現，更是使得人權產生了質量上的變化。因為時空距離的改變，造成人權符號的快速流動以及人權政治的相應變化。而聯合國為了因應如此的趨勢，也因此在西元1993年聯合國通過「關於促進及保護人權的國家機構地位之原則」（以下通稱「巴黎原則」（The Paris Principles）），以鼓勵、倡導及協助各國設置國家人權機構，「巴黎原則」並揭示國家人權機構的組織要件、權限規定和重要功能。「巴黎原則」要求各國必須設立國家層級的國家人權機構，各國為順應人權全球化的到來、以及「巴黎原則」的要求，也紛紛地設立其內國的國家人權機構。在如此的趨勢之下，我國自難免於這股人權全球化的潮流，於是立法院於2019年12月10日的世界人權日三讀通過「監察院國家人權委員會組織法」，成立「國家人權委員會」，使我國在人權促進與保障上比照國際人權法的標準－「巴黎原則」，落實人權立國之理念。

關鍵字

巴黎原則 ； 國家人權機構 ； 人權保障 ； 監察院國家人權委員會

並列摘要

Since modern times, the values of human rights have been constantly changing and developing, and the emergence of globalization has brought about qualitative changes in human rights. Because of the faster travel time, human rights symbols rapidly flow and the human rights politics change correspondingly. In response to this trend, the United Nations has adopted the "Principles relating to the status and functioning of national institutions for protection and promotion of human rights" (commonly known as "The Paris Principles") in 1993 to encourage, advocate and assist countries to set up National Human Rights Institutions. The "Paris Principles" reveal the organizational elements, mandates and important functions of national human rights institutions. The "Paris Principles" require all countries to establish national human rights institutions at the national level. In order to comply with the advent of human rights globalization and the requirements of the "Paris Principles", countries have also established their own national human rights institutions one after another. Under such a trend, our country is inevitably part of this trend of human rights globalization. Therefore, the Legislative Yuan has passed the "Organizing Law of the National Human Rights Commission of the Control Yuan" in the third reading on the World Human Rights Day on December 10, 2019, and established the "National Human Rights Commission", so that our country can accord with the promotion and protection of human rights with the "Paris Principles", the standard of international human rights law, and implement the concept of building a nation based on human rights.

並列關鍵字

Paris Principles ； National Human Rights Institution ； Human Rights Guarantee ； National Human Rights Commission of the Control Yuan

參考文獻

Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions, A Manual on National Human Rights Institutions, ，（最後瀏覽日：2022/6/24）。

GANHRI, Accreditation，，（最後瀏覽日：2022/2/7）。

GANHRI, General observations，，（最後瀏覽日：2022/2/7）。

Gauthier de Beco, Rachel Murray, A Commentary on the Paris Principles on National Human Rights Institutions, (Cambridge University Press, Kindle Edition, 2015).

GLOBAL ALLIANCE OF NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS (GANHRI), Report and Recommendations of the Virtual Session of the Sub-Committee on Accreditation (SCA), ，（最後瀏覽日：2022/6/24）。