探討生命文化的人文精神教育

Exploration of the humanistic ducation of the life culture

劉易齋(Yi-Chai Liu)

《國防大學通識教育學報》 1期 (2011/06) Pp. 14-30

https://doi.org/10.29856/TJNDUGE.201106.0002

摘要

人文是人類各民族在生存發展過程中，為適應時空與創發生機所積累而成的思想結晶和生活型態，它的表現模式概分兩大系統，其一是具象的歷史文獻、文物、建築、制度等形式，其二是抽象的思想、觀念、價值、習慣、規範等意識行為。總體而言，它是具有物質文明與精神文明兩相融盪的生命文化徵象。在我國豐沛龐大的生命文化體系裡，人文的思想源流肇建於易經「天人合一」的意涵，而中華民族的人文精神乃奠基於「做人」的倫理意識以及凌越物質與精神二元對立的超越意識。東漢之後，當儒家的倫常價值體系與印度的禪學對遇，即逐漸濡養、衍生出超然物外而又還諸自然的生活實踐氛圍。從生命文化的發展形式觀之，人文是流體生命中的活水源頭，它不僅能為民族蒼生標定生命的意義和進路，也能在不斷變遷的時空事物中自我更化出具有精神免疫能力的核心價值。為體現生命文化中的人文思想脈絡，論者嘗試從經典智慧、文化基因和成就典範等三大綱領中來詮釋人文精神的內涵。並且從檢審臺灣人文素質的落差、倫理與品德的重塑工程等面向，來落實人文精神教育，希冀藉由縱橫時空的整體反省和統合，為民族慧命的薪傳與發展尋覓一條可供更化發展的生命文化進路。

關鍵字

生命文化 ； 人文精神 ； 文化基因 ； 經典智慧 ； 天人合一

並列摘要

Culture is a crystallization of ideas and lifestyles, which were formed and accumulated by every human ethnic groups in the process of survival and development to adapt to the time and space. It was divided into two modes in the system, one is the concrete historical documents, cultural artifacts, buildings, systems, etc.. The other is the abstract ideas, concepts, values, habits, norms, etc.., those of conscious behavior. Overall, it is a signs of life, which blended material and spiritual culture together. In our Abundant and vast life cultural system, The humanistic ideas were originated from ＂Harmony＂ in ＂the Book of Changes＂.(Yi Jing), And the humanistic spirit of Chinese nation was founded on the ethical consciousness of ＂life＂ and the binary oppositional spiritual awareness, which transcended the material and the mind. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Confucian value system met with Indian Zen ethics, the natural life practical atmosphere, which was detached and aloof from the material, formed gradually. From the view of life cultural development, culture is a running water source of fluid life. It can not only calibrate the meaning of life and demarcate the road for a nation or common people, but also can find the core value, which possesses spiritual immunocompetence, in the changing spatial and temporal things. To reflect the life culture in the context of human thought, the author try to explain the content of human spirit from three major programs: the classic wisdom, cultural gene and achievements. And from viewing and reviewing the unwholesome quality of humanism, ethics and morality in Taiwan author try to find ways to implement the Humanity Education for the hope that through self-examination and integration, we can find a road, that can help our nation to develop and renew our life culture.

並列關鍵字

life culture ； spirit ； cultural genes ； classic wisdom ； Harmony