The U.S. Indo-Pacific Strategy and It's Offshore Balance in the South China Sea: The Perspective of Offensive Realism

美國印太戰略及其在南海的離岸平衡：攻勢現實主義的觀點

林麗香(Li-hsiang Lin)

《國防大學通識教育學報》 11期 (2021/12) Pp. 95-120

摘要

On June 1, 2019, the U.S. Department of Defense officially released its first ＂Indo-Pacific Strategy＂ report. Its tactics are designed to weaken the growing influence of China in the Indo-Pacific region, including the South China Sea, and to maintain the United States' overwhelming superiority of strength. Since 2017, the U.S. military has significantly increased the frequency, scope and intensity of its military operations in the South China Sea region. Since Donald Trump took office, the American military has frequently conducted ＂Freedom of Navigation Operations＂ in the South China Sea. Since assuming office on January 20, the Biden administration has reaffirmed its commitment to US allies and partners in the region by mutual defense treaties that obligates Washington to defend them. This article explores the content of the U.S. Indo-Pacific strategy, and analyzes the U.S. strategic thinking and military actions in the South China Sea from the perspective of offensive realism.

關鍵字

South China Sea ； Indo-Pacific Strategy ； Offensive Realism ； Offshore Balance ； Freedom of Navigation Operations

並列摘要

2019年6月1日，美國國防部正式發布第一份〈印太戰略〉報告，此報告旨在削弱中國大陸在印太地區和南海不斷增長的影響力，並維持美國壓倒性的優勢。2017年以來，美國軍方大幅增加在南海地區的軍事行動頻率、範圍和強度，自川普上任以來，美軍更頻繁在南海進行「航行自由行動」。而自2021年1月20日拜登上任，拜登政府重申美國對該地區的盟友和合作夥伴的承諾，其共同防禦條約內容涵蓋美國有義務捍衛這些國家。本文探討美國印太戰略的內容，並以攻勢現實主義的觀點分析美國在南海的戰略思維和軍事行動。

並列關鍵字

南海 ； 印太戰略 ； 攻勢現實主義 ； 離岸平衡 ； 航行自由行動