The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationship on dualistic factors and learning outcomes toward university students of participating in service-learning courses. There were 560 data collected from 6 universities in Southern Taiwan. The data was analyzed in the study by descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis of variance as well as hierarchical regression analysis to implement the data analysis and verify assumptions. The results of this study show: 1. there is significantly positive correlation between reflection factor and learning outcomes in diverse service-learning course. 2. there is significantly positive correlation between reciprocity factor and learning outcomes in diverse service-learning course. 3. there is significantly positive correlation between reflection factor and reciprocity factor in diverse service-learning course. 4. there is a goodness of fit indicators for the structural equation model between dualistic factor and learning outcomes. 5. Finally, based on the findings, this study has several recommendations for university students, university administrative sectors, university faculty and future research as a reference.