論臺灣的博物館文物修護室之設立與再造

臺灣有許多年代久遠且兼具歷史建物身分之博物館，大多在建設初期並未規劃文物保存的專責單位，即便爾後有了相關單位的成立，其修護室也常被視為一般辦公空間，能夠滿足文物保護專業需求的博物館寥寥無幾。此後隨著該領域之發展與修護人力的擴充，使每名修護人員的空間使用占比低於25至39平方公尺之建議值，再加上博物館有接受實習生申請實習的社會責任，以及不定期專案人力的需求，於兩者相加之下，即便每名修護師具39平方公尺的使用區域，仍致使空間有不敷使用之狀況。故本文試圖從共享空間的概念減緩修護空間不足之狀況，提出修護空間在成立與改建的過程中，應避免使用不便的設計與思維，亦應視文物材質建置合適且鄰近修護室的獨立空間，如噴塗區、貼金室、木工房以及淋洗與浸泡等特殊需求之場域，同時從調查的資料可知，全臺13間具修護室的公立博物館體系中，即有8間無採用自然採光作為主要之光源，故本文亦試圖導入長期以來文保人員所懼怕的自然採光應用於修護空間中，扭轉狹義上認為自然採光必定有害文物之認知，反之若採用低輻射玻璃與膠合玻璃等材料屏蔽紫外線與紅外線，自然採光反將成為有助於工作效率之重要元素。期許本文於修護室的成立與再造上，得有參考之用。

關鍵字

文物修護室；自然採光；低輻射玻璃；膠合玻璃；共享空間

並列摘要

Several old Taiwanese museums have been declared as historical buildings with numerous restrictions on their usage. However, the designated spaces in most of these museums do not account for cultural relic conservation. While some museums were installed with conservation labs later, they were often similar to general office spaces; thus, few museums could meet the professional needs of cultural relic conservation. Over time, the increasing demand for cultural relic conservation and the expanding workforce have resulted in a dwindled amount of space available to each staff member, which is lower than the recommended standard of 25-39 m^2per person. Moreover, we believe that, even 39 m^2per person in some cases may be insufficient, considering museums' social responsibility to accept interns and additional staffing required for special projects. Therefore, this paper aims to address the abovementioned issues by demonstrating the utility of "space sharing" in optimizing limited conservation spaces. Accordingly, the development or renovation projects for conservation labs should avoid incorporating designs or concepts that are not conducive to space sharing. Furthermore, to ensure space sharing, museums should provide suitable adjacent spaces separated from conservation labs, for facilitating some particular functions, such as spraying, gilding, woodworking, rinsing, and soaking, depending on the materials and requirements of the cultural relics. Our study also found that eight of the 13 museums equipped with conservation labs, 8did not use natural lighting as the primary light source. Although the traditional practice suggests that natural lighting is harmful to cultural relics, the real culprits are ultraviolet and infrared rays. We found that introducing natural lighting could considerably improve operational efficiency by blocking ultraviolet and infrared rays with materials, such as, low-emissivity glass and laminated glass, in conservation lab designs. In conclusion, our findings will inform future development and renovation projects for conservation labs.

並列關鍵字

conservation lab ； natural lighting ； low-emissivity glass ； laminated glass ； space sharing

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