揭露的與隱藏的：臺灣博物館展示研究的回顧與展望

The Visible and Invisible: Retrospect and Prospects of Museum Exhibition Research in Taiwan

王嵩山(Sung-Shan Wang)

《博物館學季刊》 21卷3期 (2007/01) Pp. 5-35+37

https://doi.org/10.6686/MuseQ.200701_21(3).0001

摘要

作為博物館學的重要分支領域的博物館展示，是思想、設計、內容與政治經濟互為主體的複雜整體。本文檢視文獻資料，指出當前臺灣的博物館展示研究處理下列五個基本範疇：博物館展示的性質(結構、功能與意義之研究)，博物館展示及其與其他博物館實踐的相關性，博物館展示和社會體系的關係， 博物館展示與知識體系(文化)關係，博物館展示實務。這些博物館展示之研究，分別地採取特定的社會文化定義，通過各式各樣的展示形式，處理展示所涉及的博物館的集體知識與價值、認同的賦與、歷史與集體記憶的敘述、文化政治、文化產業、展示實務等議題。這些議題又與不同的理論相關聯。博物館展示不但關懷人的處境，也和社會文化的需求對話，因此臺灣的博物館展示將會持續的、大量的出現，我們需要開展基礎的展示學研究與展示批判。當代的臺灣博物館展示必須衍生出新的關懷，實驗新的展示途徑，並時常保持如何讓觀衆真正理解展示的警覺。除了應該推動有關展示內容、展示手法以及社會文化相關性的博物館誌與博物館評量的深化工作，也要加強展示評論與研究方法和方法論之質量。

關鍵字

展示性質 ； 展示功能 ； 社會文化體系 ； 展示博物館誌 ； 展示博物館學

並列摘要

Museum exhibition as an important sub-field of museology is a complex whole in which there is inter-subjectivity among thought, design, content and political economy. This essay reviews documents and materials of the studies of museum exhibition in Taiwan, pointing out that such studies deal with the following five basic categories: the nature of museum exhibition, the relationships of museum exhibition and other museum practices, the relationships of museum exhibition and social system, the relationships of museum exhibition and knowledge (culture) system, and the practices of museum exhibition. The review of the museum exhibition research in Taiwan found that these studies are based on various socio-cultural definitions, and through all kinds of exhibitions, deal with the issues of museum exhibition such as the collective knowledge and value of museum, identity, narrations on history and collective memory, cultural politics, cultural industries, and exhibition practice, etc. These debates are related to different theories. Museum exhibitions not only concern people’s situation, but also the dialogue with social cultural needs. As museum exhibitions increase in Taiwan, we need to construct basic studies on exhibition museology and exhibition criticisms. Contemporary museum exhibitions must derive new socio-cultural concerns, incorporate new approaches, and maintain awareness of how to allow visitors to gain an understanding of the exhibitions. We should not only promote the museography and museum evaluation of exhibition contents, methods, and socio-cultural relevance; but also enhance the quantity and quality of exhibition criticism and research methodology.

並列關鍵字

the nature of exhibition ； exhibition functions ； socio-cultural system ； museography of exhibition ； museology of exhibition

參考文獻

王嵩山(2005)。掀開臺灣博物館研究的新頁。博物館學季刊。19(4)，101-109。

Karp, Ivan (eds.),Steven D. Lavine (eds.)(1991).Exhibiting Cultures: The Poetics and Politics of Museum Display.Washington:Smithsonian Press.

Staniszewski, Mary Anne(1998).The Power of Display: A History of Exhibition Installations at the Museum of Modem Art.Massachusetts:The MIT Press.

Macdonald, Sharon (ed.),Paul Basu (ed.)(2007).Exhibition Experiments.Oxford:Blackwell.

王嵩山(2000)。文化傳譯：博物館與人類學想像。臺北:稻鄉。