全豆利用概念生產大豆胚軸粉末與生質柴油之生物製程開發

The Bioprocess Development for Production of Soybean Hypocotyl Powder and Biodiesel

林忠亮(Chung-Liang Lin) ； 林士民(Shyh-Mim Lin) ； 湯雅理(Ya-Li Tang) ； 李旻倉(Min-Cang Li) ； 陳文章(Wen-Chang Chen) ； 王明妤(Ming-Yeu Wang)

《中華生質能源學會會誌》 31卷1&2期 (2012/06) Pp. 49-58

https://doi.org/10.6385/JBESC.201206.0049

摘要

本研究係以全豆利用為概念，將大豆經過篩選，去除破損粒和雜質，利用機械分離設備以離心撞擊法進行大豆胚軸與子葉分離，大豆胚軸產率為1.66%。該胚軸經過烘焙、磨粉後，其中主要功能性營養成分含量如下：總異黃酮量19.3 mg/g 、卵磷脂54.97mg/100g 、維生素E 33.34 mg/100g 與皂素4.34 wt. % 。將經分離大豆胚軸之子葉，使用已烷提取大豆油，其榨油率為1 5.1 %。另以木薯澱粉發酵酒精之殘渣廢液為進料基質，利用Clpstridium acetobutylicum S1 厭氧發酵生產生質丁醇，其最大丁醇產量達3.3 g/L ，丁醇產率為0.41 mol butanol/mol sugar。以上述粗大豆油和生質丁醇為料源，利用固定化Rhizopus oryzae BD5 菌體進行轉酯化生產生質柴油，其製程之最適條件為：生質丁醇-大豆油莫耳比= 3 、固定化菌體含量4 wt. % 、含水量4 wt % 以及反應時間為72 h ，其轉化率可達78.10 % 。此固定化R.oryzae BD5菌體在連續使用5 次後，仍保有78% 活性。本製程除可產出大豆胚軸粉末作為保健食品主原料外，亦可生產生質柴油為生質燃料。

關鍵字

大豆 ； 胚軸 ； 異黃酮 ； R.oryzae BD5 ； 生質柴油

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to develop optimal processes for production of soybean hypocotyl powder and biodiesel. The separation of soybean hypocotyls from the soybean feed source was obtained by centrifugation-bombardment (1.66% recovery rate). In soybean hypocotyl powder, the amount of isoflavones, lecithin, vitamin E and saponins were 19.3 mg/g, 54.97 mg/100g, 33.34 mg/100g and 4.34 wt. %, respectively. The remaining soybean cotyledon was treated using hexane to extract soybean oil (15.1% extraction rate). Moreover, the cassava starch alcohol residue was reused to feed the Clostridium acetobutylicum S 1 anaerobic fermentation, and up to 3.3 g/L of biobutanol was produced (0.41 mol butanol/mol sugar). This crude soybean oil and the biobutanol can be used as a feedstock for the immobilized Rhizopus oryzae B D 5, and biodiesel could be produced by transesterification. The optimum process conditions are as follows: a molar ratio of biobutanol/soybean oil is 3, 4 wt.% immobilized microorganism content, 4 wt% moisture content, and a 72 h reaction time. The bioconvcrsion rate was 78.1%. The immobilized R. oryzae BD5 microorganism could be used consecutively for 5 times and still retain 78 % activity. The bioprocesses discussed in this study could be used to produce biodiesel as biofuel. The soybean hypocotyl powder outputs could be used as raw materials of health food.

並列關鍵字

Soybean ； Hypocotyl ； Isoflavone ； R. oryzae B D 5 ； Biodiesel