大豆油生產生質柴油之生物轉酯化技術探討

Production of Biodiesels from Soybean Oil by Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification

林忠亮(Chung-Liang Lin) ； 方炳勳(Bing-Shiun Fang) ； 黃冬梨(Tung-Li Huang) ； 吳奇生(Chi-Sheng Wu)

《石油季刊》 41卷4期 (2005/12) Pp. 51-58

https://doi.org/10.30128/JP.200512.0006

摘要

脂肪酶生產菌株RMRC BD5係篩選自石油污染土壤，可將大豆油與甲醇轉酯化生成甲基酯與甘油，此類甲基酯即稱為生質柴油，是一種環境友善的再生能源。RMRC BD5生產脂肪酶之最適條件為培養基組成：Yeast Extract 0.5%、Pharmamedia 0.4%、Olive Oil 0.2%，pH 4.8，接種量5%，於溫度30℃、轉速220rpm下，培養72小時後菌體內脂肪酶的比活性達最高1.8U/mg 。此外，影響轉酯化效率的主要因素可歸納為菌體濃度、反應溫度、水分含量及醇／油比等，對RMRC BD5菌體而言，其轉酯化最適操作條件為菌體濃度2.5%、反應溫度30℃、水分含量10%、醇／油比1、反應時間24小時，此時轉化率可達56%。

關鍵字

甲基酯生質柴油 ； 轉酯化 ； 脂肪酶

並列摘要

Lipase-producing RMRC BD5 was isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils by selection method. The lipase catalyzed transesterification of soybean oil and methanol for methyl esters production. Biodiesel is the name given to methyl esters and is a renewable energy that can reduce energy dependence on petroleum and air pollution. The optimal medium composition for RMRC BD5 to produce lipases using a 500mL flask was 5.0g yeast extract, 4.0g pharmamedia, 2.0g olive oil per liter. At the end of fermentation (72 hours), the specific activity of lipase 1.8U/mg was obtained. The optimal conditions for methyl esters production by transesterification with RMRC BD5 free cells were a minimum of 10% (w/w)added water, an methanol/soy bean oil molar ration 1:1, a free cell concentration 2.5%, and with a temperature of 30℃. Under the optimal condition, the conversion rate of methyl esters 56% was obtained in 24 hours at 30℃.

並列關鍵字

Methyl Esters Biodiesel ； Transesterification ； Lipase