漢譯佛典中耶輸陀羅現世故事之研究

A Study of Stories on Life of Yasodhara's Present World of the Buddhist sutra

鄭曉娟(Siao-jyuan Jheng)

《世新中文研究集刊》 4期 (2008/06) Pp. 131-147

https://doi.org/10.30120/JICLSHU.200806.0006

摘要

耶輸陀羅與佛陀的婚姻關係向來是漢譯佛典中耶輸陀羅現世故事的書寫重心，相關故事主要收於本緣部與律部之中。故事情節著眼於其為妻為母的身份，對於耶輸陀羅出家後的事跡甚少著墨，且少見獨立成傳，而是附屬於其他比丘尼的書寫。順著此一敘述脈絡而言，耶輸陀羅出家前後的身份與其他人相較下更顯得特殊，在世俗倫理與宗教價值兩相抵觸下，佛典中相關故事的描述，呈現出兩種不同立場的聲音。本文以漢譯佛典為材料，梳理相關情節，將故事分為「悉達多太子挑選王妃」、「悉達多出家前耶輸陀羅的夢兆」、「悉達多出家，耶輸陀羅的反應」、「耶輸陀羅有娠，產子羅睺羅」四類，進一步討論故事之內涵一方面是透過耶輸陀羅的身份與行為，使得佛教出家為僧與人情倫理的矛盾被模糊且進一步的合理化之宣教策略外，另一方面也同時涵藏著世俗倫理與宗教認知的衝突事實。

關鍵字

耶輸陀羅 ； 比丘尼 ； 佛教女性 ； 宣教策略 ； 世俗倫理

並列摘要

In the Chinese translation of the Buddhist sutra, the marital relationship between Yasodhara and Buddha is the core as researchers write the story on the life of Yasodhara's present world. The related stories are mainly depicted in the subset of the origin or cause of any phenomenon and the doctrines. The main scenario of stories on life of Yasodhara's present world falls on, in fact, to identify her as a wife or a mother. Few researchers depict her life as a gelongma and make a biography for her alone. It seems reasonable to conclude that Yasodhara's identity is much more special than those of other gelongmas. Under the conflict between the worldly ethics and religious value, few researchers agree on the related stories on life of Yasodhara's present world in the Buddhist sutra of translating the scriptures by Chinese. In the present study, we employ those in the Buddhist sutra of translating the scriptures by Chinese and further clarify the related scenarios. In the present study, accordingly, the stories could be classified into the following four sections to sketch out the life of Yasodhara's present world such as,, ＂the Prince Siddhartha's choice of princess＂, ＂Yasodhara's omen dream prior to Siddharthas as a monk＂, ＂the response of Yasodhara on Siddhartha as a monk＂, and ＂The period during time on Yasodhara having a baby Rahula＂. Further, let us discuss its function in which through Yasodhara's identity and behavior, the conflict between the role of a monk and worldly ethics becomes unclear and strategies of propaganda on Buddhism are rationalized. On the other hand, it mirrors conflicts between the worldly ethics and religious cognitions in the meantime.

並列關鍵字

Yasodhara ； Gelongma ； Woman of Buddhism ； Strategies of propaganda on Buddhism ； Universal ethics