在自然與人造建成環境下低度與強度運動對心理效益之影響

綜觀過去的研究，多是個別比較接觸不同自然環境，或在自然環境中進行不同活動所產生的心理效益。本研究將環境類型和運動強度兩種因素結合，探討在自然和人造建成環境進行散步和跑步對情緒和注意力的影響。實驗分兩組進行，各20人，散步組需要在自然（嘉義樹木園）和人造建成（嘉義市中山路段人行道）兩種環境進行，跑步組也在自然（嘉義大學蘭潭校區操場）和人造建成（嘉義市立體育場）兩種環境進行。使用盤斯心情量表(profile of mood state, POMS)和反向數字測驗(backward digit span, BDS)，分別測量情緒狀態及注意力能力。結果發現散步和跑步在自然環境後，皆比運動前的注意力能力更好，且有較佳的情緒狀態；人造建成環境則否。而比較散步或跑步在自然與人造建成環境之間的心理效益，發現跑步在自然環境有較好的情緒狀態及注意力能力；散步則無。期盼研究結果能應用於大專院校學生，對其宣導在自然環境運動的好處，以促進心理健康。

關鍵字

注意力恢復；代謝當量；整體情緒干擾值；壓力源

並列摘要

A review of exercise-related literature indicated that most studies have compared different natural environments or examined the mental benefits resulting from engaging in different exercises in natural environments. This study combined these two factors, environment and exercise, to investigate the impact of walking or running in natural or built environments on people’s mood and attention. The study divided the participants into two groups of twenty people. The walking group exercised in Chiayi Botanical Garden (natural environment) and along the sidewalk of Zhongshan Road, Chiayi City (built environment), whereas the running group exercised on the playground of the Lantan campus of National Chiayi University (natural environment) and Chiayi City Municipal Stadium (built environment). Results obtained using the profile of mood states (POMS) and backward digit span (BDS) to measure mood and attention, respectively, revealed that people running or walking in natural environments had greater attention and more positive moods after exercising, whereas people exercising in built environments did not. Compared with running in an built environment, running in a natural environment more effectively improved people’s mood and restored their attention, whereas walking in either a natural or an built environment did not. The research results can be applied in promoting mental health and the benefits of exercising in natural environments among college students.

並列關鍵字

Attention restoration ； Metabolic equivalent ； Total mood disturbance ； Stress

參考文獻

Rogerson, M., Brown, D. K., Sandercock, G., Wooller, J. J., & Barton, J. (2015). A comparison of four typical green exercise environments and prediction of psychological health outcomes. Perspectives in Public Health, 1757913915589845, first published on June 18.

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