轉型正義與回復權利：論撤銷不法刑事判決後之返還沒收財產議題

Transitional Justice and Rehabilitation: A Study on Recovery of Property Confiscated through Unlawful Criminal Sentences

許恒達(Heng-Da Hsu)

《黨產研究》 6期 (2021/06) Pp. 83-134

摘要

本文討論基於轉型正義及促轉條例第6條撤銷不法刑事判決後，應該如何還該判決所宣告沒收的財產，本文認為返還議題涵括了法律面與政策面。就法律面而言，必須就所要撤銷的不法刑事判決提供充分的規範定性，本文認為促轉條例授權立法撤銷威權時期的不法刑事判決，其效力具有回溯作用，被撤銷後受判決人應視同無罪的司法宣告。至於返還標準則屬政策問題，應多方考量相關聯的利益狀態，特別是國庫本身負擔。本文就此問題提出若干政策層面的建議。

關鍵字

轉型正義 ； 促進轉型正義條例 ； 財產返還 ； 回復權利 ； 刑事沒收

並列摘要

Article 6 of Act Promoting Transitional Justice authorizes the right to rehabilitation for victims of gross violations of human rights during the authoritarian period, which includes the recovery or compensation of property confiscated through unlawful criminal decisions. This article aims to discuss how to recover victims' property damages in transitional justice proceeding. The author argues that both legal and policy aspects should be noted. As for the legal aspect, it is necessary to provide sufficient normative grounds and characterization while the government revokes the illegal criminal judgment during the authoritarian period. When it comes to the policy aspect, the most disputable issue concerning the recovery standard must be set by the legislator. We should consider the state of related interests, especially the burden of the treasury. This article also proposes several policy-level suggestions on this issue.

並列關鍵字

Transitional justice ； Act Promoting Transitional Justice ； Recovery of Property ； Rehabilitation ； Criminal Forfeiture