海戰軍事行動的交戰規則手冊介紹

Introduction to Rules of Engagement Handbook of Maritime operations

林士毓(JAG Shih-Yu, Lin)

《海軍學術雙月刊》 45卷3期 (2011/06) Pp. 107-122

https://doi.org/10.6237/NPJ.201106_45(3).0009

摘要

一、海域主權擁有者可以大量地使用、管理及收益海洋，並限制及進行軍事利用，而海軍力量是國家主權所運用的利器。二、2009年11月由義大利聖雷莫國際人道法學院(IIHL)編撰一套「交戰規則手冊(Rules of Engagement Handbook)」，內容詳述著軍事行動與法律的依循關係。三、國際交戰規則的手冊架構，包含自衛權的行使、軍事行動期間的武力使用、起草的程序方法及參謀作業、特定戰場環境的指導、特別行動的考慮和敵意判定的指導等等。四、「依法用兵」是各國軍隊作戰的共通準則，學習國際交戰規則的運用，強化多國聯盟軍事行動的合作，可增添建軍價值。

關鍵字

海域主權 ； 海軍 ； 交戰規則手冊(Rules of Engagement Handbook) ； 依法用兵

並列摘要

Military force's Rules of Engagement (ROE) is an important tool, which can regulatory any military operation. U.S. force's rules of engagement is ＂mission complete＂ and ＂self-defence＂ as the center, even if danger, that does not limit the right of self-defense. The distinctive feature of the maritime environment is that it includes areas subject to the territorial sovereignty of nations (national waters and national airspace) and areas not subject to the territorial sovereignty of any nation (international waters and international airspace). The principal legal considerations when drafting ROE for maritime operations are: i. The sea area where operations are to take place and the legal regime that applies, including navigation and over flight rights, the duties and rights of the coastal and flag states, and the rights and duties of neutrals or other nonparticipants. ii. The legal basis for the operation, including any specific legal authority for conducting operations in national waters or for conducting maritime interdiction operations. iii. The principle of sovereign immunity. Every ROE is to include a rule from each of series 10, 11, 12, 60 & 70: ● Use of Force in Individual Self-Defence (Series 10) ● Use of Force in Unit Self-Defence (Series 11) ● Use of Force for the Protection of Others (Series 12) ● Warnings (Series 60) ● Authority to Carry Weapons (Series 70) In addition to the compulsory rules as set out at paragraph 3. d.i of Annex B (series 10, 11, 12, 60 & 70), the following ROE should be considered: ● Prevention of Interference with Ships and Aircraft (Series 22) ● Warning Shots (Series 23) ● Disabling Fire (Series 24) ● Search and Detention of Persons (Series 25) ● Neutrals (Series 32) ● Inspection, Seizure and Destruction of Property (Series 42) ● Geographic Positioning of Force Units and Cross-Border Incursions (Series 50) ● Diversions (Series 55) ● Zones (Series 57) ● Harassment (Series 61) ● Sensors and Illumination (Series 63) ● Maritime Law Enforcement (Series 90) ● Submarine Contacts (Series 91) ● Naval Mines (Series 92) ● Boardings (Series 93) ● Suppression of Piracy (Series 94) Finally, ROC force should learn Rules of Engagement (ROE), and multinational operations of cooperation, which can add military values of the ＂Use forces in accordance with the law＂.

並列關鍵字

Rules of Engagement(ROE) ； Maritime operations ； Use forces in accordance with the law