運用海上武力遂行東、南沙主權維護之意涵研究

The study of implications about the use of maritime forces for protecting sovereignty of Pratas Islands and Spratly Islands

呂學宗(Lu, Hsueh Tsung)

《海軍學術雙月刊》 50卷6期 (2016/12) Pp. 6-24

https://doi.org/10.6237/NPJ.201612_50(6).0001

摘要

一、自1988年3月14日中共與越南在南海之南沙群島中的赤瓜礁附近海域發生武裝衝突以來，南海諸島主權爭奪即已成為造成東南亞地區情勢緊張升高之主要因素。二、南海主權衝突事涉島嶼與海域聲索，利益相關者涵蓋越南、菲律賓、馬來西亞、汶萊、中共與中華民國等六方主張擁有或部分擁有該區主權。然因南海問題之複雜性，除有各聲索國伸張主權外，亦涉有複雜國際勢力、兩岸關係及國內對南海問題處理缺乏共識等因素，造成我國在南海政策上，無法提出一有效之積極作為，甚至在此問題上有被邊緣化之狀況。三、隨著南海主權各爭端國之經濟快速成長，國防武力日益更新，爭相為取得南海之海洋資源及鞏固主權，對我國在處理南海問題上無疑是一項新的挑戰。採取積極且強硬的方式處理南海爭端，可能會影響到我國與東南亞國家的經貿關係，但採取消極且溫和的政策，則可能造成南海周邊國家掠奪我南海領土主權及資源，甚且在南海領土主權議題上被邊緣化。因此，我國的南海政策及作為對我在南海之利益維護將存有巨大影響。

關鍵字

南海衝突 ； 領土主權 ； 有效統治 ； 海上武力

並列摘要

1. Since the occurrence of the armed conflict between People's Republic of China and Vietnam nearby Johnson South Reef in 14th March 1988, the contention for the sovereignty of Spratly Islands has become the principal factor which caused the escalation of tension in Southeast Asia region. 2. The conflict of the sovereignty of South China Sea concerns the claims on islands and nearby sea, and the stakeholders, including Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, People's Republic of China and Republic of China (Taiwan), claim the full or partial possession of sovereignty of this area. Due to the complexity of South China Sea disputes, however, includes the claims on the sovereignty of each claimant states as well as the complicated international forces, cross-strait relations and lacks of domestic consensus about dealing with this issue are all factors which caused Taiwan failed to propose an active action, furthermore, became marginalized upon this issue. 3. With the rapidly growth of economy and increasingly update of national defense, actions which enthusiastically compete for marine resources and consolidation of the sovereignty of states in dispute undoubtedly pose a new challenge to Taiwan while handling South China Sea dispute. Dealing with South China Sea dispute in an aggressive and tough manner could possibly compromise the economic ties between Taiwan and Southeast Asian countries, on the contrary, adopting a passive and moderate policy would encourage the despoliation of territory and resources of South China Sea, and, even more, being marginalized in the topic of the South China Sea territory sovereignty. As a result, the South China Sea policies and measures that Taiwan makes will lead to a significant influence on the preservation of her advantages in South China Sea.

並列關鍵字

South China Sea conflict ； territorial sovereignty ； effective dominion ； maritime forces