CHINESE AND AUSTRONESIAN: EVIDENCE FOR A GENETIC RELATIONSHIP

漢語與南島語之間親屬關係的證據

Laurent Sagart

《Journal of Chinese Linguistics》 21卷1期 (1993/01) Pp. 1-63

摘要

Evidence is presented in support of a genetic relationship between Old Chinese and Reconstructed Austronesian: the phonological evidence links Chinese monosyllables with the final syllable of Austronesian words, and includes a set of patterned sound correspondences explaining in particular the origin of tone and stop manner contrasts in Old Chinese; the Old Chinese medials, -j- and -r-, are interpreted as infixes, corresponding to the Austronesian infixes -in- and -ar- respectively; a list of 222 lexical comparisons, including at least 17 items from the Swadesh 200-word list, as well as names of bodyparts, function words, etc. is given in section 4.

並列摘要

本文提出漢語、南島語之間存在著親屬關係的證據。語音方面，漢語的單音節詞與南島語多音節詞的最後一個音節相應，漢語的聲調與某些南島語的輔音韻尾相應，而漢語中清塞音、送氣清塞音、濁塞音的對立相當與南島語中的清塞音、鼻冠清塞音、濁塞音的對立。作者認為上古漢語的介音-j-與-r-是中綴，其作用跟南島語中綴-in-、-ar-相近。詞匯方面，本文列出222項關係詞，其中屬於M. Swadesh的200項基本詞至少有17項，此外還有人體名詞、虛詞等等。