While the global aviation industry will continue to grow in the future, the development of Taiwan's aviation modification industry is still facing a lot of difficulties. In this study, we conducted in-depth interviews with representative experts and related scholars in the aviation modification industry, and applied the theory of constraints to identify the constraints that hinder the development of Taiwan's aviation modification industry and find solutions. This study integrates the views of 11 experts and scholars, and deduces the five logic tree diagrams of the aviation modification industry by using Theory of Constraints. This study found that national policy and modification technology are the two major constraints to the development of the industry. Therefore, this study proposes the promotion of professional and specialized organizations, airline integration, construction process, and cooperation among manufacturers. Finally, it is hoped that the government-led approach, such as training of engineering personnel, establishment of global plants, and mergers and acquisitions of foreign companies, will improve the investment environment for the industry and increase the willingness of the aviation modification industry to invest.