The innovation and entrepreneurship course opened in recent years is an important way to cultivate students' innovative thinking and entrepreneurial consciousness, and its curriculum system needs to be improved. This paper uses the theory of educational ecology to guide the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship curriculum system, combined with relevant national policies, analyzes the current situation of innovation and entrepreneurship education in China. On this basis, this paper carries out teaching reform on several subsystems of innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Ecology (including teachers, teaching methods, curriculum content, teaching methods, teaching resources, curriculum evaluation, etc.). The results show that through the transformation of teaching theory, students' creativity has been brought into play, integrated entrepreneurship education and professional learning, actively participated in entrepreneurship competition and achieved good results.