文化資產保存法及我國水下文化資產保存、保護與管理專法之立法方向與內容

The Cultural Properties Preservation Act and the Orientation as well as the Content of a Proposed Specific Legislation on the Underwater Cultural Heritage Preservation, Protection and Management Act

胡念祖(Hu, Nien-Tsu)

《文化資產保存學刊》 4期 (2008/06) Pp. 3-12

https://doi.org/10.6941/JCHC.200806_(4).0001

摘要

聯合國教科文組織水下文化遺產保護公約之通過，象徵國際社會逐漸發展出一套完整的水下文化遺產保存、保護與管理之國際法體系，我國雖非聯合國教科文組織會員，但為實踐國家依國際公約所享有之權利以及應盡之義務，並落實我國對於水下文化資產之保存、保護與管理，我國需要一部專門性法律。本文首先檢視我國文化資產保存法中有關水下文化資產保存、保護與管理立法不足之處，再呈現我國學術界近幾年來對於水下文化資產保存、保護與管理立法工作方面所做出的努力，接著討論我國未來於草擬水下文化資產保存、保護與管理專法草案時應納入之重要原則與內涵。

關鍵字

水下文化遺產 ； 聯合國教科文組識水下文化遺產保護公約 ； 文化資產保存法 ； 水下考古 ； 海洋遺產

並列摘要

The adoption of the Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage by the UNESCO in 2001 symbolizes a maturing development of international legislation regarding the preservation, protection and management of underwater cultural heritage. Taiwan needs a specific law to fulfill its national rights and the obligations conferred upon it by such international conventions, and thereby implement the preservation, protection and management of underwater cultural heritage, despite Taiwan not being a member of UNESCO. This paper firstly reviews the deficiencies with respect to the preservation, protection and management of underwater cultural heritage within the existing Cultural Properties Preservation Act, then demonstrates the efforts that academia has devoted to legislation for the preservation, protection and management of underwater cultural heritage within recent years. Finally, it discusses certain important principles and elements that ought to be brought into the proposed Underwater Cultural Heritage Preservation, Protection and Management Act during its drafting phase.

並列關鍵字

Underwater Cultural Heritage ； UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage ； Cultural Properties Preservation Act ； Underwater Archaeology ； Maritime Heritage

參考文獻

United Nations, Oceans and Law of the Sea, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/index.htm (March 3, 2008).

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage, http://portal.unesco.org/la/convention.asp?KO=13520&language=E (March 3, 2008).

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Information Brochure on the 2001 Convention, http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0015/001528/152883E.pdf (March 3, 2008).

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Text of the Convention (English), http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001246/124687e.pdf#page=56 (March 3, 2008).

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Text of the Convention (Chinese), http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001246/124687c.pdf#page=66 (March 3, 2008).