飼糧中添加抗生素對肉雞腸道組織形態及雙醣酶活性之影響

Effects of antibiotics addition on intestinal morphology and disaccharidase activity in broilers

洪靖崎(Ching-Chi Hung) ； 陳保基(Bao-Ji Chen) ； 陳靜宜(Ching-Yi Chen) ； 朱盈安(Ying-An Chu) ； 黃懿儂(I-Nung Huang) ； 林義福(Yih-Fwu Lin)

《畜產研究》 54卷3期 (2021/09) Pp. 173-181

https://doi.org/10.6991/JTLR.202109_54(3).0004

摘要

本試驗旨在研究抗生素促進肉雞生長的機制，以及對腸道雙醣酶活性和組織形態的作用。選取192隻一日齡愛拔益加肉雛雞，逢機分為對照組（control）、55 ppm枯草菌素（bacitracin）、2.5 ppm六肽黴素（nosiheptide）及55 ppm羥四環黴素（oxytetracycline, OTC）四組。公母混飼，每處理組4重複，每重複12隻。分別於3週及6週時，進行腸道組織型態及消化酵素活性測定。結果顯示，肉雞飼糧中添加枯草菌素或六肽黴素於3週及6週齡之體增重皆顯著高於對照組（P＜0.05），而添加羥四環黴素組至6週齡時才有促進增重之效果（P＜0.05）。飼糧中添加枯草菌素及六肽黴素有增加3週齡雞隻腸道雙醣酶的活性之趨勢（P＜0.1）。添加枯草菌素於6週齡時，顯著增加迴腸絨毛高度，以及空腸及迴腸絨毛高度與腺窩之比例（P＜0.05），添加六肽黴素減少3週齡迴腸黏膜肌層厚度及6週齡空腸腺窩深度，同時減少空腸絨毛長度與腺窩之比例（P＜0.05），相反的，羥四環黴素則顯著提高3週齡時空腸腺窩深度及黏膜肌層厚度。飼糧中添加抗生素不影響腸道醣類酵素活性，枯草菌素和六肽黴素對肉雞生長促進的作用可能是由於改善腸道形態所致。

關鍵字

白肉雞 ； 抗生素 ； 雙醣酶活性 ； 腸道組織形態

並列摘要

The study emphasizes on the potential effects of antibiotics on intestinal digestion and integrity in broilers with respect to histological morphology and disaccharidase activity. A total of 192 one-day-old Arbor Acres birds were randomly allocated to one of the following four treatments for 42 days including control, bacitracin (55 mg/kg), nosiheptide (2.5 mg/kg), and oxytetracycline (OTC, 55 mg/kg) groups. The addition of bacitracin and nosiheptide caused an increase in body weight gain at 3 wk and 6 wk of age and OTC addition only promoted weight gain at 3 wk of age (P＜ 0.05). The addition of bacitracin and nosiheptide had a marginal effect on disaccharidase activity in the jejunum and ileum at 3 wk of age (P＜ 0.1). The addition of bacitracin significantly increased the villus area length of ileum, and the ratio of villus to crypt cell of jejunum and ileum at 6 wk of age when compared with the control group (P＜0.05). The addition of nosiheptide reduced the thickness of the ileum mucosae at 3 wk of age and decreased the depth of crypt in the jejunum at 6 wk of age (P＜ 0.05). On contrary, CTC thickened the muscularis mucosae and the depth of crypt in the jejunum at 3 wk of age (P ＜0.05). In sum, bacitracin and nosiheptide exhibit a beneficial effect on intestinal integrity by improving gut morphology.

並列關鍵字

Broilers ； Antibiotics ； Disaccharidase activities ； Intestinal morphology