翻譯與存在：海德格爾翻譯思想的歷時性描述

海德格爾從存在論角度對翻譯的過程、作用和本質屬性進行了討論，但目前翻譯研究領域對其翻譯思想的基本思路缺乏整體性認識。本文從1930年代的初步發展期、1940年代初至二戰結束的高峰密集期、二戰結束之後的尾聲時期來描述和把握海德格爾翻譯思想的發展脈絡，探討三個核心問題：一、翻譯在海德格爾哲學中承擔著作為通往存在的道路的使命，翻譯的「對象」不是存在者的意義，而是存在者之存在。二、翻譯的兩個本質屬性，忠實性和源始性。海德格爾認為翻譯應忠實於存在，並提出「源始翻譯」。翻譯發揮著擺渡作用，將語言和人從存在者領域渡向存在領域。三、翻譯即為哲思的傳承，只有思想性的翻譯才能實現向存在之真理的「擺渡」。海德格爾翻譯思想對傳統譯論中翻譯、人和語言之間的關係作了顛覆性思考。

關鍵字

翻譯；存在；忠實；源始；擺渡

並列摘要

Heidegger discusses the process, function and natural property of translation from the perspective of ontology, but Translation Studies has almost said nothing of his translation thought as a whole. This paper intends to describe the evolution of his ideas concerned from the initial stage in 1930s, through the intermediate and booming stage from the beginning of the 1940s to the end of World War II, to the last period in and after the year of 1946. Three core issues are focused. First, in Heidegger's philosophy, translation takes approaching Being as its mission and the "object" of translation is not the meanings of beings but Being of beings. Second, there are two essential properties of translation: being true and being originary. In his view, translation should be true to Being; and the "Originary translation" he proposes serves as translating (Übersetzen), in transferring language and man from the realm of beings to that of Being. Third, translation means the very way to pass on philosophy. Only thoughtful translation can translate to the Unconcealment of Being. Thus, Heidegger's translation thought overturns the relationships between translation, people and language as seen in the conventional sense.

並列關鍵字

translation ； Being ； true ； originary ； translating

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